In the last two months, two patients with recurrent erythrocytopenia were admitted to our department and had been seen in the hematology department, where bone marrow aspiration was given and no anisocytic cells were seen. Subsequently, a CT chest examination was performed and thymic hyperplasia was found, and they were referred to thoracic surgery. After several red blood cell transfusions, thoracoscopic thymectomy was performed, and the patient recovered well after surgery without erythrocyte reduction. In conclusion:Thymoma is often accompanied by other diseases, most of which are related to autoimmunity, such as: with myasthenia gravis, simple red blood cell aplastic anemia, immunoglobulin deficiency, etc. Therefore, surgical removal of thymoma is an effective treatment for its disease itself and its accompanying diseases.