Mr. Zheng, 60 years old, had a mass in his left groin for more than 30 years, which was like an apple when it was the largest. He did not pay much attention to it because he usually had only a feeling of swelling and no pain. Upon arrival at the hospital, the emergency physician took a medical history and performed a physical examination, and then admitted the patient to the hospital as an emergency patient with “left inguinal incarcerated hernia”. After a quick preoperative examination and signed consent from the family, emergency surgery was performed. However, unfortunately, after opening the hernia sac during surgery, a large amount of bloody exudate was found, and a small intestine of about 40 cm in length was black in color and had no peristalsis after stimulation, so the necrotic small intestine could only be removed and the internal ring opening was repaired after high ligation of the hernia sac. The basic manifestation of inguinal hernia is a protruding mass in the inguinal region, which is often easily ignored because there are no obvious signs of discomfort other than occasional distension and indigestion. Once the inguinal hernia appears, it can lead to acute peritonitis and even toxic shock with life-threatening consequences due to necrosis and perforation of the embedded intestinal tube. The most effective treatment for inguinal hernia is surgical repair. The basic principle of traditional hernia repair is the high ligation of the hernia sac and strengthening or repair of the inguinal canal wall. However, it has been largely eliminated in recent years because of the disadvantages of high suture tension, postoperative pulling sensation at the surgical site and pain. Tension-free hernia repair is now commonly used. This procedure uses artificial polymer repair material to repair the hernia under tension-free conditions with sutures. It has the advantages of light postoperative pain, fast recovery and low recurrence rate. The disadvantage is that the artificial polymer material is a foreign body and has the potential risk of rejection and infection, and is also more expensive. In recent years, translaparoscopic hernia repair has also been developed. It has the advantages of less trauma, less postoperative pain, faster recovery, lower recurrence rate, no local pulling sensation, etc. It also allows simultaneous examination of bilateral inguinal and femoral hernias, with the possibility of detecting subclinical contralateral hernias and repairing them at the same time. However, its development is limited to some extent by the high technical equipment requirements and the need for general anesthesia, as well as the high cost of the procedure. In conclusion, for inguinal hernia, we recommend early surgical treatment whenever there is an indication for surgery, only in this way can we obtain satisfactory results while avoiding unnecessary dangerous consequences and economic losses. The adult general surgery department of our hospital has been successfully carrying out tension-free repair of small incisional hernia and trans-laparoscopic hernia repair for many years, with an annual volume of 500 cases and a recurrence rate controlled within 4 per 1,000, which has been widely praised by patients.