1, the definition of infant eczema
Infant eczema is an allergic disease, also on allergic diseases. However, it is not caused by specific (specific) allergens, but is related to the allergic qualities of the individual (i.e., constitution). Infants with a family history of allergies are more likely to have infantile eczema, such as family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, etc. Infantile eczema manifests itself as symmetrical facial erythema, papules, flaking with itching, severe papules, oozing, and even light erosions shortly after birth (days to months). Severe cases can also involve the scalp, neck, and even the trunk extremities.
2, the impact of infant eczema
Although infant eczema is not a serious disease, but can bring great distress to the affected children and their families. The reasons are as follows.
1. infant eczema is extremely repetitive, topical weak hormonal drugs can quickly subside, but it is very easy to repeat, the family will appear uneasy
2. Repeated use of hormone-containing drugs, family members worry about adverse reactions, psychological pressure
3. Infant eczema can affect the sleep quality of the child and cause irritability due to itching, which indirectly also affects the mood of the family.
3. How to prevent the recurrence of eczema in infants
Feeding and diet
① Breastfeeding can reduce the degree of eczema. Protein-based complementary foods should be added later, such as eggs, fish, shrimp, etc., and added slowly, starting with one and adding it gradually. As much as possible, let the child eat natural foods and avoid processed foods containing coloring, preservatives, and puffing agents;
②If it has been found that food with a certain food significantly aggravates eczema, try to avoid eating it again; mango juice, etc. is more irritating to the skin, avoid contact with the perioral area and other parts of the mouth when eating.
③ children with milk allergy, can be replaced by goat’s milk or soy milk, egg allergy can be eaten alone egg yolk;
④Children should eat a light diet and should reduce salt to avoid too much fluid accumulation in the body and induce eczema.
Clothing
The intimate clothing can use cotton products, and loose, soft, to reduce friction and stimulation of the skin. Bedding should be changed frequently and kept dry in addition to cotton as much as possible. Avoid contact with pollen, dust, animal hair and other allergenic substances.
For bathing and skin care
Avoid high temperature, warm water is best. Avoid using alkaline soaps that are strong in removing oil and grease, but choose mildly acidic toiletries. And should choose mild, non-irritating type, it is best to conduct skin sensitivity measurement.
Environmental aspects
On the one hand, it is not easy to have a high room temperature, as denial can aggravate eczema and worsen itchiness, and in addition high temperature leads to sweating, which further aggravates eczema. On the other hand, the environment as far as possible to reduce pollen, dust, dander and other factors that aggravate eczema.
4, . Treatment of infant eczema
There is no single way to cure eczema, but most children with eczema can be effectively treated and controlled with some simple and safe methods under the guidance of a doctor.
Moisturizers and emollients
Safe, effective moisturizers and emollients can keep the skin moisturized and soft, and can restore the elasticity and softness of the skin, helping to reduce itching and prevent further aggravation of eczema. In addition it can repair the integrity of the skin, strengthen its barrier function and reduce the damaging effects of various irritants, thus reducing eczema flare-ups. Medical skin care products used under the advice of a physician are safe and effective as first-line treatment for infant eczema.
Topical glucocorticoid ointment
Most parents are “wary of hormones”. In fact, glucocorticoid ointments are safe and effective when used judiciously. Usually doctors choose weak, less irritating hormone creams such as hydrocortisone ointment and mometasone furoate cream. Short-term (usually less than a week), intermittent use of hormone creams will not cause local adverse reactions and parents should not be overly concerned.
If weak glucocorticosteroids are ineffective, or if such drugs need to be used continuously for a long time, in order to avoid the side effects of glucocorticosteroids, immunomodulators need to be used, which can play a similar role to glucocorticosteroids but can avoid the side effects caused by glucocorticosteroids and are relatively safe. Currently there are tacrolimus (Putrepis) and pimecrolimus (Advil), which can be used in children.
Oral drug treatment
If the rash is widespread and the itching is obvious due to much exudation, which affects sleep, children can take oral paracetamol and benadryl 30-60 minutes before going to sleep, which can help them have a comfortable night and sleep well.