Leukemia is usually transplanted for 8 to 30 days to determine whether the transplant is successful, but genetic testing is required 6 months later to determine this. Within 8 to 30 days after bone marrow transplantation for leukemia, blood neutrophil counts return to ≥0.5×10^9/L, platelet counts ≥20×10^9/L, and reticulocytes ≥1.5%, which can be considered a successful transplant. Hematopoietic reconstructive changes occur after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and the neutrophil count should be ≥0.5×10^9/L and platelet count ≥20×10^9/L at about 10 days. After allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, recovery of neutrophil counts and platelet counts representing post-transplant reconstitution will occur later than with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The real success of leukemia transplantation is considered to be when the clinical symptoms of leukemia gradually disappear, the physical condition improves, and when genetic testing is done 6 months later and the gene expression of the marrow donor is found in the recipient, and the bone marrow picture, blood picture, and examination of the vital organs are normal without any obvious symptoms. After leukemia transplantation, blood and bone marrow images should be tested regularly, and if any rejection is found, it should be dealt with in time under the guidance of doctors.
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