Neonatal umbiliculitis is an inflammation of the umbilical cord stump. The causes are mostly due to premature rupture of the amniotic membrane, prolonged labor, infection of the birth canal, and improper handling of the umbilicus. Common pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus and Escherichia coli. Clinical manifestations:After the umbilical cord is shed, the stump often has a small amount of mucus or purulent secretions, and after persistent failure to heal, the granulation tissue proliferates and forms an umbilical granuloma. The surrounding skin is slightly red, swollen and eroded. There is usually no systemic reaction, but if the infection spreads, there is fever, loss of appetite, and increased white blood cells, rarely complicated by peritonitis or sepsis. Umbilical infection can spread in all directions: the skin around the umbilicus becomes red and swollen, spreading to the nearby loose subcutaneous tissue, forming cellulitis or abscess; the inflammation spreads deeper and invades the abdominal cavity, causing peritonitis of umbilical origin; after the umbilical vein is involved, the inflammation extends to the portal vein, hepatic vein and inferior vena cava, causing portal vein embolism and liver abscess; the infection spreads through the inferior abdominal wall artery to the internal iliac artery. Treatment:Keep the local area clean and dry in the early stage, iodine volts should be applied. If there is granuloma in the umbilicus, the wounded surface is cauterized with silver nitrate. If cautery is ineffective, surgical excision is possible, and antibiotics are needed if there is infection. Neonatal umbiliculitis, progresses quickly into subcutaneous gangrene, although timely incision, and the necrosis expands