Although melanoma accounts for only 10% of skin cancers, it accounts for 80% of skin cancer mortality. Experts say that melanoma is the 5th malignant tumor among all malignant tumor incidence in Europe and America and other countries. 1.Don’t treat early high-risk signals wrongly When you find early high-risk signals of melanoma, or have suspicions about your pigmented mole, don’t be careless, not to mention scratching, scraping and cutting, etc. You must go to an experienced specialist in time. If the specialist thinks there is a possibility of melanoma, he or she will usually recommend you to have a standardized complete excision of the pigmented mole and send it for pathological examination, and the result of pathological diagnosis will clarify whether it is melanoma. 2, sun exposure leads to melanoma Melanoma is the fastest growing tumor among all malignant tumors. It is a malignant tumor of the skin caused by abnormal overproliferation of melanocytes, which is highly malignant, easy to recur and metastasize, and has a very poor prognosis. The cause of melanoma is still not clear. In Western countries, the incidence rate of melanoma is much higher in Caucasians than in people of color, and the sites of occurrence are mainly head, face, trunk and skin, while more than half of the sites of occurrence in Asian melanoma are mainly hands, feet, extremities, skin and under the nail. The known causes are mainly excessive UV exposure and genetic mutations caused by various pollutants. The risk factors for melanoma include: photosensitive skin and prone to freckles; sensitive skin prone to freckles after sun exposure; prolonged exposure to the sun; a large number of common moles or moles with abnormal development; personal or family history of melanoma. 3, timely detection of early melanoma symptoms Malignant melanoma comes from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. A benign proliferation of melanocytes forms a pigmented nevus, and if this proliferation is out of control, it becomes malignant and becomes melanoma. Generally, benign pigmented nevi are divided into intradermal nevi, junctional nevi and mixed nevi. Benign pigmented nevi show neat and uniform edges, black or dark brown color, and symmetry. The characteristics of pigmented nevi that become malignant are: the edges are untidy, irregularly tortuous and distorted; they are not clear black, but miscellaneous, intermingled, and usually cannot be divided into two symmetrical parts by a straight line; they are small and not easily detected at first, but grow progressively, and can increase rapidly in size within a short period of time, or even ulcerate and flow or bleed, heal and then ulcerate again, and repeatedly do not heal, etc. Through self-examination, people can often find those pigmented moles that may have been transformed and raise awareness of melanoma prevention. Because, although melanoma is terrible, if detected early, the prognosis is relatively good. Since melanoma occurs mostly in the skin, except for a small percentage in the anus, vulva, oral cavity, nasopharynx and eyes, all of which we can see. Thus, having some knowledge of identifying melanoma, being able to detect melanoma early, and improving the early diagnosis rate of melanoma can save lives.