Skin cancer is a group of malignant tumors from the ectodermal lobe, with squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma being the most common, in addition to Bowen’s disease, Paget’s disease and malignant melanoma. It occurs in exposed parts, such as head, face, neck and back of hands, and also in oral mucosa, lips, tongue, vulva, trunk and other parts. The incidence rate of skin cancer is very low in our country, but it is one of the common malignant tumors in the white race. The incidence rate in Australia is the highest (accounting for 50% of all malignant tumors), which is about 650/100,000, and in the Caucasians in the United States, the incidence rate of skin cancer is also as high as 165/10,000, and there are some data statistics that the incidence rate of skin cancer in our country is 2.37/10,000, which may be related to the geographical location and the life style of people. This may be related to the geographical location and the lifestyle of the people. It is known that the incidence rate of global malignant tumors is increasing year by year, and skin cancer is no exception. According to the statistics of National Cancer Control Institute of Australia (NCCI), the number of skin cancer patients in Australia has more than doubled in less than 20 years from 1985 to 2002, which is partly attributed to the gradual aggravation of the destruction of the ozone layer of the atmosphere, and also an important cause of the increase in the rate of patients’ medical consultations and the rate of early diagnosis. This is partly due to the increasing depletion of the ozone layer, and partly due to increased patient attendance and early diagnosis. Skin cancer is a kind of malignant disease, its basic nature is no different from that of cancerous tumors occurring in other tissues and organs, therefore, it is quite difficult to be treated, but because skin cancer is located on the surface of the body, it is easy to be detected at an early stage, and if it can be diagnosed at an early stage and treated correctly and in time, about 90% of the patients can be cured completely, and the key to early diagnosis lies in the improvement of alertness and the knowledge in this aspect, and some patients wait for their skin tumors to be quite big, and lumps have already appeared. Some patients wait for the skin tumor to grow to a fairly large size, there have been lumps, ulcers, necrosis and tissue destruction before consulting the doctor, at this time, although the diagnosis is not troublesome, but it is difficult to treat, and some physicians are familiar with the unexplained and long time untreated lesions, which are important reasons for the delay in diagnosis and treatment. If any skin lesion or nodule increases in size progressively, has bleeding, ulcer, infection or color change, especially in the elderly or some special parts of the body, the possibility of skin cancer should be taken into consideration. Timely biopsy of suspected lesions is the most important and commonly used means for early diagnosis of skin cancer, and sometimes it is necessary to do biopsy for several times in order to make a clear diagnosis. According to the type of skin cancer, degree of differentiation, degree of invasion, site of development, age and aesthetic requirements, we should choose appropriate treatment plan, with surgery as the first choice, and those who are inoperable can consider adjuvant therapies, such as radiotherapy, etc. Under the premise of not lowering the radicality of skin cancer, the scope of surgery should be narrowed down as much as possible. How large the surgical scope should be cut has always been a problem for clinicians. The direct consequence of too small a scope is postoperative recurrence, while too large a scope causes unnecessary tissue damage, and most doctors choose the appropriate resection scope based on their own clinical experience, which is obviously subjective and blind. In the 1930s, Dr. Mohs invented a method of fixing the tumor in situ with a zinc chloride paste, then removing it 24 hours later and examining the tissue sections of the removed tissue with a microscope, a process that was repeated until an interface free of tumor cells appeared. The disadvantages of this technique were pain and time consuming caused by the application of zinc chloride to fix the tissue.In 1953, Mohs applied a modified method to avoid the above disadvantages and this was the fresh tissue technique in which the local area was infiltrated with local anesthetics, the tissue was excised by surgical methods and the tissue blocks were then frozen and sectioned. Later generations called this method, which is specifically used for the treatment of skin cancer, Mohs microstroke surgery. This procedure allows for the eradication of the tumor while preserving the maximum amount of normal tissue for optimal cosmetic and functional requirements. It should be clear that surgery is a kind of local treatment, which is a kind of traumatic treatment. How to achieve the highest cure rate of skin cancer with the least traumatic method has always been the goal for medical workers and medical researchers to strive for.