Cervical adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of cervical cancer other than squamous cervical cancer. Recent literature shows that the incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma is decreasing, while the incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma is increasing, resulting in an increase in the proportion of cervical adenocarcinoma in cervical cancer, with some reports reaching 24%. The increase in the incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma is attributed to (1) the increase in human papillomavirus (HPV) infection; (2) the availability of cervical cancer screening tools such as liquid-based cytology smears (TCT) and colposcopy; (3) the improvement in the ability to diagnose rare adenocarcinoma subtypes; and (4) the increase in the detection of adenocarcinoma of the cervical canal due to the increase in the rate of early surgical resection (e.g., LEEP knife and cold knife conization). As cervical adenocarcinoma mostly grows endogenously in the cervical canal and is difficult to diagnose clinically, some scholars suggest that multi-point colposcopic biopsy should be performed for all atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGCUS) detected by TCT, and cervical duct scratching should be used, supplemented by cold knife conization if necessary, to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Some studies have found that CA125 is diagnostic and prognostic for cervical adenocarcinoma, and some molecular markers such as P53, Sur?vivin and PTEN are also associated with the development of cervical adenocarcinoma, and it is believed that with the progress of such research work, cervical adenocarcinoma will also enter the era of molecular diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate of cervical adenocarcinoma is reported in the literature to be 25%-68%, of which 60%-99% for stage I, 37%-90% for stage II, 8%-38% for stage III, and 0-14% for stage IV. Factors affecting the prognosis of cervical adenocarcinoma include FIGO stage, tumor size, pathological differentiation, myxomatous infiltration, lymph node metastasis, etc. Some studies have concluded that patients with adenosquamous and mucinous adenocarcinoma have a poorer prognosis, and there are also individual reports of poorer prognosis in young cervical adenocarcinoma patients. Multifactorial analysis showed that in addition to clinical stage, myxoid infiltration and lymph node metastasis, tumor morphology is also an independent prognostic factor for cervical adenocarcinoma, with endophytic and ulcerative tumors having a poorer prognosis. Age, number of deliveries, surgical method and whether ovaries are preserved or not are not related to prognosis. Treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma: The standard treatment for early-stage (stage IA-IIA) cervical adenocarcinoma is extensive hysterectomy + pelvic lymph node dissection, and postoperative adjuvant therapy is given to patients with high-risk factors. Some data show that early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma has a higher survival rate with surgery alone than with radiotherapy alone, however, there is no advantage of combined treatment, which is thought to be related to the fact that combined treatment is given only to patients with high-risk factors. The results of the study showed that postoperative radiotherapy reduced the recurrence rate of patients with stage IB cervical adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Adjuvant radiotherapy for stage IA2 to IIA cervical adenocarcinoma with high-risk factors such as lymph node metastasis, positive cut margins and microscopic parametrial involvement may improve the prognosis, while adjuvant postoperative treatment for patients with other non-high-risk factors is not beneficial. In stage IIB cervical adenocarcinoma, radical radiotherapy should be given as the main treatment, supplemented by chemotherapy, and it is still controversial whether to perform adjuvant hysterectomy after radiotherapy. Since cervical adenocarcinoma is relatively insensitive to radiotherapy, the chance of uncontrolled tumor and recurrence after radiotherapy is high, so adjuvant hysterectomy may have some value, but more clinical studies are needed to confirm it. However, the role of chemotherapy in reducing local lesions, symptoms, recurrence and metastasis is gaining more and more attention. Currently, the preferred treatment for advanced cervical adenocarcinoma is simultaneous radiotherapy, and the literature reports that the 5-year survival rate for stage III cervical adenocarcinoma can reach more than 30%. Analysis shows that there is no significant difference in the rate of ovarian metastasis between stage IB and IIA adenocarcinoma compared with squamous carcinoma, but the rate of ovarian metastasis in stage IIB adenocarcinoma (23.8%) is significantly higher than that of squamous carcinoma (2.6%,). Therefore, there is a debate on whether ovaries can be preserved in early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma. Most scholars believe that there is not enough evidence to prove the high rate of ovarian metastasis in early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma, so it is recommended that ovaries should be preserved in young early-stage patients, but the conditions for ovarian preservation are still to be further explored.