The natural course of subchondral bone collapse before it occurs and in the early stages of osteonecrosis is unknown, but there is evidence of rapid progression, especially in symptomatic patients. Once subchondral bone collapse occurs and the joint space is lost, progressive osteoarthritis is inevitable. Many studies have demonstrated the poor prognosis of this disease, with the majority of symptomatic patients (stage I-II) experiencing femoral head collapse within 2 years. In contrast, patients with unilateral non-traumatic femoral head necrosis, the contralateral side, although not showing osteonecrosis on radiographs and MRI, also develop femoral head collapse between 3 months and 5 years, with an average of 23 months. There is no single method to stop the progression of the disease in all cases of femoral head necrosis. The rate and course of disease progression remains unpredictable, and there is no correlation between radiographic presentation and clinical symptoms, with some patients continuing to have tolerable joint function long after the femoral head has collapsed. Non-surgical treatment is generally ineffective. The principle of treatment for femoral head necrosis is a comprehensive treatment based on surgery and should be performed as early as possible once the diagnosis is clear. The treatment options available at the early stage are: marrow core decompression, bone grafting, stem cell transplantation, tantalum rod support and interventional treatment. Among them, the core decompression is the core and other treatment methods are combined. Late stage treatment options: proximal femoral osteotomy, hip surface replacement, total hip replacement.