Femoral head necrosis, also known as ischemic necrosis of the femoral head, is one of the common bone and joint diseases. It is mostly caused by rheumatism, blood disease, diving disease, burns, etc. It first destroys the blood supply to the adjacent joint surface tissues and then causes necrosis. The main symptom is the progression from intermittent pain to continuous pain, and then from pain to muscle spasm, joint movement restriction, and finally to severe disability and claudication. Hormonal drugs can also cause this disease. According to Chinese medicine, the cause of the disease is external and internal, and the interaction of internal and external factors causes the loss of balance between the body’s yin and yang, and the loss of constant qi and blood, also known as “thigh palsy”, “bone paralysis”, “bone atrophy”. With the progress of science and technology. People gradually understand and research the cause and mechanism of the disease as well as the diagnosis and treatment from macroscopic perception to the exploration of microscopic pathological changes such as biochemistry, and the treatment also progresses from the initial simple treatment with a single drug or surgery to a variety of systemic treatments including artificial joint replacement. Modern medicine believes that the treatment of femoral head necrosis is surgical treatment. Experts at home and abroad advocate palliative surgery for early necrosis, such as core decompression, bone grafting with blood vessels, vascular implantation, bone stenting, etc. Artificial joint replacement is unavoidable in late stage, etc. However, in general, it seems that surgical treatment is not accepted by many patients because of its pain, high cost, long recovery period, extensive limitations, and long-term results cannot be perfect. True femoral head necrosis is not rare, and most of them are misdiagnosed as osteonecrosis of the femur from distant injuries (long-standing soft tissue injuries). The symptoms are basically the same, but the treatment is completely different. Etiology of femoral head necrosis There are various causes of femoral head necrosis (about 60 kinds), which are relatively complex and difficult to classify comprehensively and systematically, and this is related to the unclear pathogenesis. In our long-term theoretical research and clinical treatment, we have summarized more than ten common pathogenic factors as follows: ① Trauma causes femoral head necrosis. For example, external impact causes femoral neck fracture, hip dislocation, hip joint sprain and contusion, etc. Trauma is the main factor causing femoral head necrosis. However, the occurrence and extent of traumatic ischemic necrosis of the femoral head mainly depend on the degree of vascular destruction and the compensatory ability of the collateral circulation. ②Drugs cause femoral head necrosis. For example, long-term use of hormonal drugs due to bronchitis, asthma, rheumatism, rheumatoid, neck, shoulder, back and leg pain, diabetes, skin disorders, etc. It is an early statement that the accumulation of hormones in the organism due to the large amount or long-term use of hormones has led to the development of the disease. Recently, it is believed that the occurrence of femoral head necrosis is directly related to the type, dosage form and route of administration of hormones, and is not directly proportional to the total amount and duration of hormones. However, the long-term use of large amounts of hormones or excessive daily doses and sudden changes in dose increases and decreases are also one of the reasons for the occurrence of femoral head necrosis. ③Alcohol stimulation causes femoral head necrosis. The accumulation of alcohol in the body due to long-term heavy drinking leads to the increase of blood lipids and damage of liver function. The elevation of blood lipids causes the increase of blood viscosity, slows down the blood flow, and changes the coagulation of blood, thus blocking the blood vessels, bleeding or fat embolism, and causing osteonecrosis. Clinical manifestations are aggravation after drinking, walking duck walk, heart failure, weakness, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, etc. ④ Wind, cold and dampness cause osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The clinical manifestations are hip pain, cold and dampness, and difficulty in squatting. ⑤ Liver and kidney deficiency causes osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The symptoms are generalized emaciation, yellow face, impotence, premature ejaculation, excessive dreaming, seminal emission, weakness, etc. (6) Osteonecrosis due to osteoporosis. Clinical manifestations are weakness and weakness of lower limbs, pain, inability to bear weight, and easy to fracture. (7) Osteonecrosis due to flat hip. Clinical manifestations are walking duck step, short lower limbs, muscle atrophy, pain gradually worsens around 50 meters, and limited function. (8) Abnormal bone marrow hyperplasia leads to osteonecrosis. The manifestation is cold, soreness, inability to bear weight, easy to fracture, obvious atrophy of bone, etc. ⑨ Bone tuberculosis combined with osteonecrosis. The manifestation is positive nodule test, low fever in the afternoon, pain with a fixed location, wasting, night sweating, weakness, etc. ⑩Osteonecrosis after surgery. In the clinic bone necrosis occurs after three years of bone grafting, vascular grafting, and insufficient blood supply to the bone. In addition, there are pneumatic, radiological and hematological diseases. Among the above many factors, osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by local trauma, hormonal drug abuse, and excessive alcohol consumption is common. The common core problem is that the blood circulation of the femoral head is impaired due to various causes, which leads to ischemia, degeneration and necrosis of bone cells.