Renal syndrome hemorrhagic fever is one of the key prevention and control of infectious diseases in China, our province is one of the hardest hit areas, superior to its higher incidence in the Guanzhong region, the epidemic area of the disease in recent years has been expanding, and its harm is also increasing, directly affecting the economic construction and reform and opening up of China, and seriously threatening the safety of property and life and health of the general public, should be given high priority. The disease is an endemic natural epidemic infectious disease caused by hantavirus, there are two epidemic peaks every year, namely a small peak in April-May and a large peak from October to January, but there are disseminated cases throughout the year. The disease has a high mortality rate and poses a significant health risk to the general working population (especially young adults). The virus is transmitted from rats with hantavirus to humans through feces, saliva and blood, and the population is generally susceptible. The incubation period is 4-60 days, with 7-14 days being the most common. Typical cases have three main symptoms, namely fever, hemorrhage and kidney damage; and a five-stage course, namely fever, hypotension, oliguria, polyuria and recovery, in that order. Atypical cases may have only fever. In mild cases, the hypotensive and oliguric phases may be absent or crossed, so the morbidity and mortality rate is low. Severe cases often have overlapping phases and are aggressive, resulting in a high mortality rate. The early manifestations of the disease are very similar to the cold, but without the cold click signs such as sneezing and clear nasal discharge. The main manifestations include fever, three pains (headache, lumbago, orbital pain), three reds (red face, red neck, red forehead), drunken appearance, feeling of heavy illness, bleeding, gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and kidney damage. The treatment principle of “three early and one on” (early rest, early diagnosis, early treatment and treatment in the nearest and local medical unit with treatment conditions) is crucial to the prognosis. We would like to remind our medical workers to do the corresponding examination in time and try to make early diagnosis when they encounter the above-mentioned manifestations in their daily treatment activities. We also remind the general public to rest, diagnose and treat those who have the above-mentioned manifestations early. In order to avoid delaying the disease and bringing threat to our life and health.