What are the most common clinical manifestations of a sinus ulcer?

Sinus ulcers are most commonly seen in gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer and gastrinoma. They have a relatively similar clinical presentation, with most patients experiencing dyspeptic symptoms such as epigastric pain, fullness, acid reflux, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, and in more severe cases, violent vomiting, sudden vomiting of blood, black stools, pernicious anaemia, weight loss, disturbances in water-electrolyte metabolism and shock.