Vertigo: It is a kind of motion or position illusion, causing a subjective illusion that changes the position of the person in relation to the surrounding objects. More than 70% of vertigo is caused by peripheral vestibular lesions.
Incidence: the prevalence rate is 9.6-51%, with the high incidence age (40%) over 40 years old and 25% over 65 years old, with more women than men.
Main classification: systemic vertigo (including peripheral vertigo and central vertigo), non-systemic vertigo (i.e. pseudovertigo)
Differentiation of peripheral vertigo from central vertigo
In simple terms: peripheral vertigo manifests like the physical discomfort that occurs after motion sickness; whereas central vertigo has a clear manifestation of gait instability and balance disturbance.
Non-systemic vertigo: often manifests as dizziness and unsteadiness in standing, usually without any sense of rotation or swaying in the external environment or in oneself. It is common in cardiovascular diseases: hypertension, hypotension, arrhythmia, heart failure; endocrine metabolic diseases: hypoglycemia, diabetes mellitus, uremia; and poisoning, infection, anemia; and eye diseases: refractive error, congenital visual impairment, etc.; among them, cervical vertigo is often manifested as black-eyed fainting after twisting the neck.
Common disease types.
Treatment.
1. Seizure period: bed rest to prevent falls and bruises; avoid sound and light stimulation and head movement; low salt and low fat diet; keep emotionally relaxed and not too anxious.
2. Symptomatic treatment: Anti-vertigo: min make lang, vertigo stop; anti-vomiting: morpholine, gastric renformation, etc.; antihistamines: multiply dizzying, promethazine, etc.; and other symptomatic support treatment.
3. Etiological treatment: identify the causes of vertigo and provide targeted treatment according to specific diseases, such as otoliths, which can be cured by postural therapy.
Prevention.
1. In terms of diet, patients should eat more light food, less food with high fat, too much salt, sweet food or very greasy food, quit smoking and less alcohol.
2. Maintaining a good state of mind and a happy and optimistic mood is a key step in prevention. Do not worry too much in your work and life, do not add heavy psychological pressure to yourself, and participate in some simple recreational activities to divert your attention.
3. ensure sufficient sleep and rest, try to ensure that the bedroom and the whole house in a quiet environment, do not have strong light stimulation, no noisy sound.
4. Keep the indoor air fresh and circulation, often open the windows to breathe. In the right climate, often go for a walk in a more secluded place outside, more fresh air. Go less to crowded and places with high air pollution and poor circulation.
5. If vertigo is related to body position, don’t change your body position suddenly, such as getting up with a jerk; move your neck appropriately after long-term ambulatory work to avoid triggering cervical vertigo.
Vestibular function exercise: (not done during the attack period, not done for those who can obviously induce vertigo)
One-step walking: walk with your toes on your heels for 5 minutes, at least for 12 weeks before you get obvious effect; after you get used to it, you can increase the difficulty, that is, you can turn your head left and right at every step, take a short rest at every 20 steps, and continue for 3 cycles; try to keep your eyes on the ceiling or door while walking.
Standing exercise: hands do not hold the wall, one foot placed on top of the other foot standing, the heel can be placed on the other toe, adhere to 30 seconds (you can do the golden chicken independence) can close the eyes; if the hands have a rubber ball, you can also do two-handed throwing and catching ball action, first in the level, and then can be increased to the level of the lower knee after one side.
Sitting exercise: when finished standing exercise, can be changed to sitting exercise: a sit together with eyes open to do 20 times, then close your eyes and then do 20 times; sit down, shrugging 20 times, shoulders turn around 20 times, start with eyes open to do, later change to do with eyes closed; then eyes on the wall, bend down to touch the ground, get up, repeat 20 times; then do the same action, but the direction of vision to move with the body.