Bleeding is one of the most frightening phenomena for mothers-to-be during pregnancy. When encountering this problem, expectant mothers are usually very worried, wondering if they will miscarry or give birth to an abnormal fetus. In fact, the causes of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is multi-faceted, a small amount of bleeding or light bleeding is often just a precursor to miscarriage, and ultimately does not necessarily lead to miscarriage, but there are also some bleeding will threaten the mother and the fetus safety, pregnant mothers should be aware of a variety of situations that may lead to bleeding. First, physiological bleeding After conception, some pregnant mothers will still have a small amount of menstrual bleeding during the month of menstruation, generally no other accompanying symptoms (such as abdominal pain, menstrual discomfort), which may just be a physiological response to the pregnant egg bed. Measures: No treatment is needed, as long as you keep the vulva clean. Second, external stimulation After pregnancy, the abdominal cavity is in a state of congestion, so the stimulation caused by sex, lifting heavy objects, overwork and so on will cause vaginal bleeding. Measures: because of external stimulation and bleeding, usually in a short period of time can be stopped bleeding, do not have any burden and worry, as long as a little rest can be. If necessary, you can do birth control treatment. Third, abortion This kind of bleeding is mostly accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, the amount of bleeding from less to more, the color from dark to red, abdominal pain from hidden pain gradually developed to more severe pain. Measures: If the amount of vaginal bleeding is not much (less than the amount of menstruation) and the diagnosis of preeclampsia is confirmed, it is advisable to keep the fetus in labor. However, if the vaginal bleeding (more than the amount of menstruation), contractions become more intense, abdominal pain with lumps discharged, bleeding non-stop, diagnosed as inevitable abortion or incomplete abortion, should be immediately admitted to the hospital for treatment in order to prevent hemorrhage caused by shock, life-threatening. Ectopic pregnancy When the fertilized egg develops to a certain extent, it will make the ectopic pregnancy rupture and bleeding. As this bleeding is flowing in the abdominal cavity, the blood flowing out through the vagina may not be much, but it is often accompanied by severe cramps. Measure: Having vaginal bleeding with lower abdominal pain after menopause is a high priority and a hospital visit is necessary to rule out ectopic pregnancy. If severe lower abdominal pain occurs at home, call 120, before the ambulance comes, should be head low, feet high, keep quiet, prevent bleeding, because bleeding can cause anemia and shock. Fifth, gravidarians Gravidarians abortions usually begin 2-3 months after amenorrhea. Bleeding is mostly intermittent small amount of bleeding, but some will be repeated many times with large amount of bleeding. Measures: early pregnancy to do uterine ultrasound to monitor the development of the embryo, can be early detection of vitellogenic abortion. If the early pregnancy reaction is strong, we should also check in time to exclude hyperemesis gravidarum, and once the bleeding is heavy, we should send to the hospital to carry out “purging”, that is, to clean up the residues in the uterus. Because this disease can become choriocarcinoma, so in 2 years, we should also follow up the HCG level to prevent abnormal conditions. Vaginal and cervical lesions are often characterized by irregular vaginal bleeding or bloody discharge, which tends to occur after vaginal examination or sexual intercourse, but without abdominal pain. Common lesions include vaginal inflammation, cervical erosion, cervical polyps, uterine submucosal fibroids prolapsing from the cervix or cervical cancer. Generally accompanied by abdominal pain and other symptoms, this situation, will not directly trigger abortion. Measures: Do a good pre-pregnancy checkup, cooperate with the doctor’s treatment, you can continue the pregnancy. Placenta praevia is characterized by painless recurrent vaginal bleeding in late pregnancy (28-38 weeks), which often occurs suddenly without any triggers. The timing of vaginal bleeding, the number of recurrent episodes, and the amount of bleeding are related to the type of placenta praevia. Complete placenta praevia: Bleeding around 28 weeks of pregnancy, occasionally occurring in the 20th week of pregnancy, frequent, large amount, sometimes a large amount of bleeding can cause the patient to fall into a state of shock. Marginal placenta praevia: the first bleeding occurs later, even when labor is approaching, and the amount of bleeding is less. Partial placenta previa: the bleeding is in between. Measures: absolute bed rest, sedation, hemostasis, blood replenishment drugs, etc. Arrange for light activities on the ground as appropriate after the bleeding stops completely. If the pregnant mother appears dizziness, abdominal pain, contraction, blood pressure or hematocrit drop, fetal heart changes, etc., need to contact the doctor in time. Early detachment of the placenta may bleed heavily, or there may be little or no bleeding. There is persistent pain on touching the abdomen, and fetal movement decreases or disappears. Measures: Immediate admission to the hospital for delivery of the fetus or cesarean section. Preterm labor In the middle and late stages of pregnancy, the presence of vaginal redness, or abdominal distension, water breakage, strong contractions of the uterus and cause a feeling of falling, and the stomach becomes obviously hard, these are signs of preterm labor. Measures: If irregular uterine contractions or a small amount of vaginal bleeding has already occurred before full term, the doctor will instruct the pregnant mother to use medication to suppress the contractions and keep the pregnancy going as long as possible. If the contractions become regular and the cervical canal is found to be dilated, preterm labor is unavoidable and the doctor will take measures to improve the survival rate of the preterm baby.