Controlled ovulation and follicle monitoring: Controlled ovulation is used to enhance and improve ovarian function to obtain multiple healthy eggs to provide multiple embryos for transfer, regardless of the natural cycle. Follicle monitoring is also performed using vaginal ultrasound. Egg retrieval: The most commonly used method of egg retrieval is under local anesthesia, guided by vaginal ultrasound, with an egg retrieval needle passed through the vaginal fornix to the ovaries where the eggs are immediately transferred under a microscope to a culture dish containing embryo culture fluid and incubated in an incubator. Sperm retrieval: The sperm is removed on the same day as the egg retrieval. Wash hands before sperm retrieval and extract semen by masturbation. In vitro fertilization: A few hours after egg retrieval, the treated sperm and eggs are placed in the same Petri dish and co-cultured for 18 hours before fertilization can be observed under a microscope. If the sperm quality is too poor to allow natural fertilization, fertilization must be forced by microinjection. Embryo in vitro culture and transfer: After 3 days of in vitro culture, the fertilized egg can develop into an 8-cell embryo. At this point, the number of embryos to be transferred is determined by the patient’s age, whether or not she has ever been pregnant, and the quality of the embryos, and any excess embryos can be frozen and preserved. Embryo transfer is usually done without anesthesia and is currently done on the third day after fertilization. Pregnancy can be determined by a urine test or blood draw 14 days after embryo transfer. Three months after pregnancy, the IVF mother is as pregnant as a woman with a normal pregnancy.