How should congenital clubfoot be treated?

The true cause of congenital clubfoot is unknown, and many factors are associated with the disease, but none of them can fully explain the cause of clubfoot deformity. Possible causes 1, genetic factors: the disease often has a family history of genetic relationship 2, embryonic factors: Bohm that the embryo within 3 months of the foot in the horseshoe inversion of the three original deformity state, that is, sagging and rotation (inversion) since the fourth month of the foot in the neutral and rotational position metatarsals mildly inward foot also began to rotate along the long axis close to the position of the normal human foot any developmental disorders will keep the foot in the embryo The early deformed position of the pediatric orthopedics department of Shenyang Children’s Hospital Gui Rong Hua 3, intrauterine factors: the fetus in the intrauterine position of poor foot pressure for a long time in the foot inward heel inversion ankle sagging position correspondingly the rear and medial calf muscles shorten the medial joint capsule thicken so that the foot further in the deformed position 4, environmental factors: many scholars have found that the disease and environmental factors related to some people proved that at the critical moment of limb development hypoxia In many patients from Japan, the incidence of clubfoot is particularly high due to the habit of sitting on the inversion of the foot. Clinical manifestations of congenital clubfoot after birth, one or both feet show varying degrees of pronation and ptosis deformity in the lighter cases, the anterior part of the foot is inward and sagging, and the plantar surface of the foot appears to be folded with elastic resistance to dorsiflexion and abduction until the deformity gradually worsens after the child learns to walk, and the muscle balance of the foot and lower leg is imbalanced with health muscle contracture, and the weight affects the foot inward and sagging to increase gait instability and lameness with the dorsal edge of the foot on the ground. The treatment method for inversion of the foot is aggravated by callus and bursa tibial internal rotation found after birth, and Ponseti sequence plaster treatment can be started 1 week after birth to gradually reset the bones of the deformed arrangement of the foot and dorsal extension of the ankle joint. If the Achilles tendon is still shortened, i.e., the dorsal extension of the foot cannot reach 10-20°, the Achilles tendon should be cut and lengthened, and the cast should be fixed for 3 weeks after surgery. Dennis Brown brace is then used to maintain the foot in the abducted dorsiflexion position. This is to prevent the recurrence of clubfoot due to collagen changes in the ligaments of the ankle. With treatment and bracing, clubfoot can basically reach the level of healthy children. Early treatment is necessary, and parents should have confidence in actively treating these children.