Hemorrhoids are soft, enlarged, varicose veins in the rectal plexus under the mucous membrane at the end of the rectum and under the skin of the anal canal. They can affect men, women and children, with adults over 20 years of age accounting for the majority of cases. Depending on the location, there are three types of hemorrhoids: internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids and mixed hemorrhoids. 1.What is internal hemorrhoid? What are the characteristics? A: The soft venous masses formed by the enlarged varicose veins under the mucous membrane at the end of the rectum, above the dentate line of the anal canal, are called internal hemorrhoids, which are usually found at the 3, 7 and 11 points of the truncus position. 2.What are the causes of internal hemorrhoids? A: The occurrence of internal hemorrhoids is related to wind, dampness, stasis and qi deficiency, plus the internal organs are deficient, wind, dampness and heat are forced down, stasis obstructs the vagina, stagnation of blood and turbid gas does not disperse, tendons and veins are crossed and solved, resulting in the dysfunction of the internal organs and hemorrhoids. 3.What are the manifestations of internal hemorrhoids? What will be found in clinical examination? A: Internal hemorrhoids mostly occur in adults, infants and children are rare, its manifestations are: ① Blood in the stool The most common symptom of the disease, mostly in the defecation when the hand paper stained with blood, or even drip bleeding or jet bleeding, blood and stool do not mix, bright red color, most painless, intermittent episodes, often due to alcohol, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea and other triggers to aggravate the symptoms. ②Prolapse With the prolongation of the disease, the nucleus of the hemorrhoid will gradually increase in size and may prolapse out of the anus during defecation, the prolapse is bright red or grayish white in color, and the local swelling may increase if it is not retracted in time. ③Perianal dampness and itching The repeated prolapse of the hemorrhoid nucleus and the relaxation of the anal sphincter often result in the overflow of secretions outside the anus, which makes the anus feel damp; the secretions stimulate the perianal skin for a long time, which easily causes perianal eczema and itchy discomfort. ④Pain The internal hemorrhoid that has come out is embedded, causing edema, thrombosis, erosion and necrosis, which can cause severe pain. Constipation The fear of bleeding often leads to artificial control of defecation, causing a change in bowel habits or habitual constipation; long-term constipation or dry stool can easily rub the mucous membrane on the surface of the hemorrhoid nucleus, triggering internal hemorrhoid bleeding, both of which are mutually beneficial and lead to aggravation of the condition. Rectal finger examination can touch soft, smooth surface, non-pressure mucosal nodules; anoscopy or endoscopy can see dark red nodular protrusions on the tooth line. 4.How are internal hemorrhoids staged? A: Internal hemorrhoids are staged as follows: Stage I: the nucleus is small, does not prolapse, in order to bleed mainly; Stage II: the nucleus is larger, when the stool is prolapsed out of the anus, after the stool can be self-returned, more or less stool; Stage III: the nucleus is larger, when the stool is prolapsed out of the anus, can not be self-returned, generally not bleeding, once the bleeding is sprayed, the nucleus is prolapsed if not returned as soon as possible, it is easy to embed and strangulated swelling, erosion and necrosis. 5.What are the treatment methods for internal hemorrhoids? A: There are three methods of treatment for internal hemorrhoids: internal treatment, local external treatment and surgical treatment. Generally speaking, internal treatment and external treatment are conservative treatment methods, mainly to control and eliminate clinical symptoms; for serious internal hemorrhoids can be treated with surgical therapy, but should strictly grasp the indications and choose the appropriate surgical method. Internal treatment: It is mostly suitable for stage I and II internal hemorrhoids; or internal hemorrhoids embedded with secondary infection; or old and weak; or internal hemorrhoids with other serious chronic diseases that are not suitable for surgical treatment. Wind injury to intestinal ligament: blood in the stool, blood dripping or spraying, bright red blood, or itching in the anus, red tongue, thin white or thin yellow coating, floating pulse; treatment is based on dispelling wind and moistening dryness, clearing heat and cooling the blood, and the formula is based on Cool Blood Dihuang Tang and Sophora Flower San plus reduction: angelica, raw earth, Chuanxiong, red peony, scutellaria, poria, Chen Pi, safflower, licorice, ginger, wuling fat, fried Sophora, Phellodendron, etc. Damp-heat infusion evidence: bright-colored blood in the stool, large amount, anal swelling prolapsed, can be retracted by itself, anal burning, red tongue, thin yellow greasy coating, slippery pulse; treatment to clear heat and dampness to stop bleeding, the formula uses Doulian Wan plus reduction: Huang Lian, male pig intestine, ground elm charcoal, Xian He Cao. Qi stagnation and blood stasis: prolapsed or even embedded swelling, painful anal canal, or even thrombosis, edema, painful to touch, dark red tongue, white or yellow fur, thin and astringent pulse; treatment is based on activating blood circulation and relieving blood stasis, regulating Qi and relieving pain, Peach kernel, soapberry, atractylodes, bongfeng, cypress, angelica, zedoary, betel nut, ripe rhubarb, etc. The treatment is based on strengthening the spleen and benefiting the qi, nourishing the blood and regulating the blood, and the formula is based on the addition and subtraction of Astragalus, Ginseng, Roasted Licorice, Angelica, Orange Peel, Radix et Rhizoma, Radix Bupleuri, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, etc. etc. External treatment methods: Applicable to all stages of internal hemorrhoids and internal hemorrhoids embedded swelling and pain, bleeding, etc., often methods are: fumigation method: to invigorate the blood to relieve pain, astringent and swelling, the formula is Wu Bei Zi Tang plus or minus: Wu Bei Zi, Pu Nian, Sang Sang Sang, Lian Fang, Thornbush, etc.; or bitter ginseng soup plus or minus: bitter ginseng 60 grams, snake bed seed 30 grams, dahurica 15 grams, honeysuckle 30 grams, chrysanthemum 60 grams, yellow cypress 15 grams, groundnut 15 grams, calamus 9 grams etc. External application method: Applicable to all stages of internal hemorrhoids and post-surgery medication change, to reduce swelling and pain, astringent and hemostatic, and to resolve decay and create muscle, commonly used are Wu Bei Zi San, hemorrhoid cream, etc. Plugging method: Applicable to all stages of internal hemorrhoids. It has the function of clearing heat and swelling, relieving pain and stopping bleeding, such as hemorrhoid suppository. In addition, there are various internal hemorrhoid treatment methods such as injection therapy, drug insertion therapy (withered hemorrhoid nail therapy), ligation therapy, injection plus ligation therapy, anal dilation therapy, cooling therapy, cryotherapy, infrared coagulation therapy, laser therapy and hemorrhoid anastomosis circumferential method. 6.What are the preventive methods for internal hemorrhoids? A: The prevention methods of internal hemorrhoids are: keep your bowels open, develop the habit of daily bowel movements, control the time of each bowel movement; pay attention to the combination of work and rest, clean the anal area daily, keep the area around the anus clean and dry; pay attention to diet and harmony, drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits, eat less spicy food; avoid sitting for a long time, often carry out anal exercise, choose the right exercise; once diagnosed with internal hemorrhoids, should be timely and effective The treatment should be timely and effective to prevent the development of the disease.