Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by an increase in glucose concentration in the blood. Years of high blood sugar can cause irreversible damage to various internal organs, eventually leading to complications and death. In the process of diabetes control, monitoring blood glucose is a very important thing, because the results of blood glucose monitoring can be used to judge the control of blood glucose on the one hand, and to guide the treatment on the other. However, in actual life, many sugar lovers are very confused about how to measure blood glucose, which also affects the implementation of the usual blood glucose monitoring.
First, should I measure fasting blood glucose or postprandial blood glucose?
Fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose reflect different problems respectively. Fasting blood glucose generally indicates the sugar output of the liver in the body, which is a basic state; postprandial blood glucose generally reflects the influence of diet on blood glucose, and to a certain extent represents the response of the body’s own islet to diet. The significance of the two is different, so for diabetic patients, both fasting and postprandial monitoring should be advocated. Of course, there is still a certain focus, generally speaking, in the case of high blood sugar in general, we should mainly monitor fasting blood sugar and actively make fasting blood sugar reach the standard first, and then measure postprandial blood sugar on this basis, and then make postprandial blood sugar also reach the standard through adjusting diet and medication.
Second, can fasting blood sugar drink water and take medicine or not?
Fasting blood glucose is a kind of basic state of human blood glucose, and the standard definition is the blood glucose in 8~10 hours without eating any calorie-containing diet. Especially for the elderly, we also advocate drinking a glass of plain water in the morning after waking up to help reduce blood viscosity and prevent accidents such as heart attack and brain attack.
Glucose-lowering drugs are an effective means to control blood sugar. After taking glucose-lowering drugs, blood sugar will gradually decrease under the effect of the drugs, and if glucose-lowering drugs are taken when measuring blood sugar on an empty stomach, it may lead to hypoglycemia and lowering of blood sugar due to the effect of drugs, which is not a basic state. For other drugs such as antihypertensive drugs and lipid-lowering drugs, because they do not affect the change of blood glucose, they can be taken when measuring blood glucose on an empty stomach and do not hinder the test results.
Third, should I eat two or two light buns, drink sugar water or daily diet for postprandial blood sugar?
For patients who have been clearly diagnosed with diabetes, the purpose of measuring postprandial blood glucose is to evaluate the effect of diet on blood glucose and the effect of hypoglycemic drugs on blood glucose, so this time measuring postprandial blood glucose should be how the usual medication and meals are still maintained.
For patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes, in order to evaluate their pancreatic function in a more standard and clear way, it is recommended to eat two or two light steamed buns when measuring postprandial blood glucose at this time, note that the two or two here do not refer to two or two buns made of flour, but to the weight of about two after making the buns.
For patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes, when measuring postprandial blood glucose, in addition to the need to eat, you also need to pay attention not to forget to take the drugs taken before or during the meal, because this can effectively evaluate the effect of drugs.
If for people who have not yet been diagnosed with diabetes, then in order to diagnose diabetes a more standard diet plan should be used, so 200-300mL of sugar water with 75g of glucose dissolved should be drunk.
Fourth, is the postprandial blood sugar 1 hour or 2 hours after meal?
In order to have a more uniform standard to judge the level of postprandial blood glucose, the blood glucose 2 hours after meal is generally used. The 2 hours here refers to the 2 hours calculated from the beginning of the meal. However, it does not mean that half an hour, one hour or three hours or four hours after a meal is not meaningful to measure. For diabetic patients, blood glucose measured at whatever time after a meal is meaningful, and there are certain criteria for judging. It is worth noting that when it comes to postprandial blood glucose evaluation, in addition to recording the measurement time and how many hours after meal, we should also record the meal situation, what we have eaten and how much we have eaten respectively, so that we can make a comprehensive judgment to have a clear conclusion.
V. Should I measure intravenous blood glucose or finger blood glucose?
Venous blood glucose and finger blood glucose are generally measured by different measuring instruments and methods, and both need to be monitored, but since venous blood glucose generally requires blood sampling at the hospital, which is more troublesome, patients usually use finger blood glucose for self-monitoring. Patients should be reminded that in addition to measuring finger blood glucose by themselves, they should also go to the hospital regularly for intravenous blood glucose, especially for glycated hemoglobin testing, so as to judge the blood glucose control situation more effectively and prevent the error of self-monitoring.
Six, in the end, is the home blood glucose meter accurate?
It should be emphasized here that any home blood glucose meter without regular calibration may be inaccurate. Then how to carry out the regular calibration of the home blood glucose meter? Generally speaking, the home blood glucose meter is calibrated before it leaves the factory, and the sales department of the blood glucose meter has the calibration solution for the type of blood glucose meter for calibration. Generally speaking, it is recommended that the home blood glucose meter should be calibrated with the standard calibration solution once every 3 months.
Then, can the comparison made by patients using the same drop of their own blood to measure repeatedly, or comparing with hospital intravenous blood glucose, or testing with the blood of healthy people be called calibration? This is not possible at all, because this cannot guarantee the uniformity and stability of the blood sample, and cannot be used to indicate whether the blood glucose meter is accurate or not. Only the results of the measurement with the standard calibration solution of the blood glucose meter can be compared with the detection range, so that the calibration of the blood glucose meter is accurate or not.