Hepatitis B cirrhosis is the result of the development of chronic hepatitis B. Some cirrhosis is very insidious, so patients with hepatitis B must have frequent physical examinations, in principle, every 3-6 months, including liver function, hepatitis B virus and imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI, etc.), and if the diagnosis is unclear, liver tissue biopsy should be done if necessary to clarify the diagnosis, and its pathological changes are diffuse fibrosis accompanied by pseudobullet formation. Clinically, it is classified into compensated cirrhosis and decompensated cirrhosis according to bilirubin, prothrombin time, ascites, albumin level, and whether there is hepatic encephalopathy. Patients with cirrhosis who do not receive timely treatment may suffer serious consequences, including the development of ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, renal insufficiency and even coma, and in some patients, liver failure. The annual incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with cirrhosis is 3 to 6 percent. Studies have found that HBeAg positivity and/or HBV DNA >2,000 IU/mL (equivalent to 104 copies/mL) are significant risk factors for the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies in large samples have shown that older age, male gender, and high ALT levels are also risk factors for the development of cirrhosis and HCC. High risk factors for the development of cirrhosis also include alcoholism, co-infection with hepatitis C, hepatitis D, or HIV infection. Cirrhosis is not an incurable disease, it can be treated, and the most critical is antiviral therapy. For patients with compensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, HBV DNA ≥104 copies/mL for HBeAg positive and HBV DNA ≥103 copies/mL for HBeAg negative are subject to antiviral treatment. For patients with decompensated cirrhosis, antiviral therapy with nuclear (acid) analogues should be applied promptly whenever HBV DNA can be detected. Current research reveals that antiviral therapy can significantly slow down the process of cirrhosis and significantly reduce the incidence of liver cancer, and patients with early cirrhosis may even have the possibility of reversal. For patients with cirrhosis, antiviral therapy is a long-term process and even requires lifelong medication. Remember to take the medication on time and not to miss it, which may lead to deterioration of the disease or mutation of the virus; remember to follow up and monitor closely to detect adverse reactions in time. Even though antiviral treatment can reduce the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma, it is not eliminated, so AFP and abdominal ultrasound imaging (CT or MRI if necessary) should be tested every 3-6 months for early detection of HCC, and gastroscopy should be performed every 1-2 years to observe the presence of esophagogastric fundic varices and their progress.