How is jaundice differentially diagnosed?

  Hemolytic jaundice: Hemolytic jaundice of the skin and sclera yellow staining is often mildly light lemon yellow, and often accompanied by anemia and pale skin.  The diagnosis of hemolytic jaundice is mainly based on the following laboratory tests: ① increased fecal bilirubin and urobilinogen content; ② increased total serum bilirubin and indirect bilirubin, ③ increased reticulocytes in the blood; ④ increased serum iron content; ⑤ hyperplasia of the bone marrow red system.  Hepatocellular jaundice: The diagnosis and differentiation of hepatocellular jaundice, in addition to the history and clinical examination, often rely on laboratory tests.  (A) Viral hepatitis: Currently, viral hepatitis should include at least types A, B, C, D, E, A, B, C, D, and E acute xanthotic viral hepatitis whose jaundice precedes for several days to 1 week. The most prominent symptoms are fatigue and lack of appetite. Nausea, pain or discomfort in the liver area with or without fever. Some cases are often misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal dyspepsia because they mainly present with dyspepsia and diarrhea; some mainly present with upper respiratory symptoms and are often misdiagnosed as acute upper respiratory tract infection; a few cases may be misdiagnosed as rheumatic fever because of fever and multiple arthralgias. Pre-jaundice clinical diagnosis is difficult, but at this time the serum aminotransferase (AST, ALT) activity is often significantly higher positive rate of 100% of people most early diagnostic value. After the appearance of jaundice, the conscious symptoms are instead reduced, and at this time the main signs are jaundice, hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly, the quality is slightly Peng tenderness, there is often percussion pain in the liver area, but also can be no obvious hepatomegaly. Liver function tests are elevated total bilirubin and direct heparin, yellow urine, increased urinary bilirubin excretion and positive bilirubin, which helps to diagnose.  Obstructive jaundice: Obstructive jaundice is caused by mechanical obstruction of small intrahepatic capillary bile ducts, hepatic bile ducts or common bile ducts. Itchy skin cancer and bradycardia are common symptoms. Hepatomegaly is a common sign. Mechanical obstruction without co-infection does not result in splenomegaly. Jaundice is golden yellow in the early stages, yellow-green later, greenish-brown or even nearly black in the late stages (black jaundice in people with palpable distended gallbladder suggests obstruction in the common bile duct, more often from tumors and rarely from stones. Total bilirubin and direct hepatocrit are elevated in liver function tests, the urine is yellow and the stool has a white clay-like color.