Cranial defect is a disease state, which not only hinders the recovery of brain function, but also brings secondary damage to brain tissue, and the sooner repair is possible, the better. According to the latest version of “Clinical Technical Practice” of Chinese Medical Association (Note: its authority is higher than textbooks, internet information and experts’ personal opinions) the timing of cranial repair is respectively: 1. After decompression of debridement Cranial repair surgery can be performed after cranial hypertension is lifted. (Note: Generally, cranial hypertension is relieved 1-2 weeks after debridement decompression. (Note: Generally, the cranial hypertension will be relieved 1-2 weeks after debridement decompression, but cranial defect area expansion does not necessarily mean cranial hypertension.) Because of the open brain tissue and external contamination during traumatic brain injury, cranial repair surgery should be performed after 3 months of wound healing. 3.Infected wounds are usually performed after six months of wound healing. (Note: If there is evidence such as imaging and laboratory tests to exclude the foci of infection in the surgical area, repair surgery can be performed earlier) The role of cranial repair surgery Cranial repair surgery to restore the closed structure of the cranial cavity can achieve the following: 1. 2. Aesthetics, eliminating the psychological fear and burden of patients, relatives and others. 3. Avoid secondary damage to the brain tissue in the bone window area due to reciprocal displacement. 4. Reduce the pressure of the scalp and atmospheric pressure on the brain tissue, increase the blood supply to the brain tissue in the bone window area, and facilitate the recovery of brain function. 5. Avoid the obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid circulation in the bone window area, reduce the incidence of hydrocephalus and intracranial effusion during the rehabilitation period and reduce the degree of hydrocephalus development. Cranial repair surgery seems to be simple, but it is not easy to do it well. It requires not only a lot of clinical practice, but also in-depth research, repeated thinking, careful preparation and careful consideration. The neurosurgery department of China Rehabilitation Research Center Beijing Boai Hospital has performed nearly 100 cases of cranial repair surgery each year in recent years, and has conducted in-depth research and practice in determining the best timing of cranial repair surgery, precise shaping of repair materials, design of incision, treatment of meninges, and treatment of temporal muscles, which significantly shortens the operation time (1 hour on average), reduces surgical trauma (you can leave bed on the 2nd postoperative day The incidence of postoperative complications has been significantly reduced (less than 5% in the near term and 0% in the long term), and nearly 80% of the patients have improved their brain function to varying degrees after surgery, and their recovery has been accelerated.