Pineal cysts do not occur in normal people, but there is a high incidence of this condition. The pineal gland, a structure in the human brain, is a small reddish-brown, bean-shaped body that belongs to an endocrine organ. Cysts do not occur in the pineal gland in normal individuals. A pineal cyst is a cystic occupancy of the pineal gland, a benign lesion that usually develops congenitally. If a patient has a small cyst and no clinical symptoms, no specific treatment is usually required and regular observation every 6-12 months is recommended. If the patient has significant clinical symptoms, such as headache, vomiting, impaired consciousness, ataxia, etc., and if there are abnormalities in the relevant hormones on review, appropriate treatment needs to be promptly administered and surgical procedures as well as radiotherapy may be considered. Patients with pineal cysts are advised to closely observe the changes in their condition and undergo regular review.