Basic rehabilitation training for hemiplegic patients at home

  I. Correct position: 1. Supine position: To maintain the correct supine position, 3 pillows should be used.  Pillow 1: Pillow under the head, but should not be too high, with the face facing the affected side.  Pillow 2: To prevent the scapula from shrinking back and forth, place a pillow slightly higher than the torso at the back of the shoulder, so that the shoulder joint is in an external booth, and place the extended upper limb on the pillow. The forearm is straightened and rotated back, the palm of the hand is turned upward, and the fingers are extended and spread.  Pillow 3: To prevent the affected side of the pelvis from retracting, place a pillow under the affected side of the pelvis and thighs to prevent the hip joint from abducting and rotating, and make the knee joint in a mildly flexed position.  2.Healthy side lying position: the healthy side is underneath, the affected side is on top. Put a pillow under the upper limb of the affected side, so that the shoulder of the affected side is extended forward, the elbow joint is extended, the forearm is rotated forward, and the wrist joint is dorsally extended. The pelvis of the affected side is rotated forward and the hip joint is naturally placed in a semi-flexed position on the pillow. The affected foot and lower leg are kept in vertical position as far as possible.  3.Patients’ side lying position: the affected side is on the bottom, the healthy side is on the top. The upper limb of the affected side is stretched forward so that the shoulder is forward, the upper arm is stretched forward to avoid pressure and retraction of the shoulder joint, the elbow joint is extended, the fingers are open and the palm is up. The lower limb on the healthy side is placed on the pillow in front of the hip and knee flexion, the hip joint on the affected side is slightly posteriorly extended and the knee joint is flexed.  Second, upper limb rehabilitation training: the purpose is to prevent the occurrence of shoulder, elbow, wrist and finger joint contracture, while inducing the emergence of separate movements of the affected upper limb.  1.Shoulder joint movement: Patients cross their fingers, the affected thumb is located above the thumb of the healthy hand on the abdomen, and use the healthy side of the upper limb to drive the affected upper limb to make upward movement and lift it to the top of the head as far as possible.  2.Elbow joint movement: The patient crosses the fingers of both hands (crossed in the same way as before), presses the upper arms of both sides against the chest arm, makes elbow flexion movement in front of the chest, and tries to touch the chest wall with both hands when flexing the elbow.