A polyp in the nose is medically known as a nasal polyp. Nasal polyps are formed when the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity swells and loses its normal function. After a cold, the nose does not breathe, which is the result of the swelling of the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity. After the application of oral medication or local nasal drops, the swelling of the mucous membrane in the cavity will subside, and the nose will be ventilated again. However, repeated swelling of the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity will lose elasticity like a balloon filled with water for a long time and cannot recover, forming nasal polyps.
The nasal cavity is surrounded by a number of bony cavities called sinuses, including the pterygoid, septal, frontal and maxillary sinuses. The formation of some nasal polyps is related to the edema of the mucosa in these sinus cavities falling into the nasal cavity. Many patients with nasal polyps suffer from recurrence after surgery because the “roots” of the polyps are located in these bony crevices.
The main manifestations of nasal polyps are nasal incompetence, odor, and nasal sound in speech. Hemorrhagic nasal polyps can cause nasal bleeding. When a nasal polyp is found, it should be treated surgically. Since the nasal cavity is adjacent to the eye and brain, surgery is risky, especially when the eye is separated by a very thin bone plate, called a paper-like plate, which can be easily damaged during surgery if not done carefully. Nasal polyp surgery requires anesthesia can choose general anesthesia, or local anesthesia depending on hospital conditions. Generally, when the surgery is performed under local anesthesia, the patient is awake, and the tension will aggravate the pain. General anesthesia surgery is a painless surgery with the help of an anesthesiologist. Hospitals that have the conditions can perform controlled hypotension at the same time as general anesthesia, which results in less intraoperative bleeding, a clear operative field, and fewer complications. If the nasal cavity is then given surface anesthesia with a certain percentage of local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor solution under general anesthesia, the effect will be better.