Uterine dysplasia, also known as infantile uterus, is a condition in which the uterus is normal in structure and shape, smaller than normal in size, with a dysplastic anterior or posterior uterine wall and excessive anterior or posterior flexion. The cervix is conical and relatively long, with a cervical to uterine body ratio of 3:2 or 1:1 (2:1 for women of normal reproductive age). The long cervix causes the uterus to be unable to store and transport semen and sperm properly, making it impossible for sperm to be obtained and conceived; the hypoplastic myometrium is not conducive to fertilized egg implantation, implantation and embryo development; abnormal uterine morphology and volume can easily lead to early pregnancy miscarriage, abnormal placental position and fetal growth retardation. The first step is to identify the specific cause of uterine dysplasia and, most importantly, to rule out congenital developmental abnormalities, such as chromosomal abnormalities. Severe cases of uterine dysplasia are often combined with endocrine dysfunction and systemic diseases. Therefore, sex hormone tests and other organ function tests such as pituitary gland, hypothalamus, ovaries and other organs, ovulation disorders and basic conditions for fertility should be done at the same time. Most of the patients who have been identified as having “uterine dysplasia” can be treated well, except for those with congenital developmental abnormalities that are difficult to treat. At present, the most used method is to treat with oral endocrine drugs, which is called “cycle therapy”, to supplement the shortage of estrogen and progesterone to stimulate the development of the uterus. Endocrine therapy is complicated, and patients should use the drugs under the guidance of doctors, not to abuse them, otherwise it will be counterproductive. As for the effect of treatment, it is difficult to judge beforehand because it is related to both the congenital development of the patient’s uterus and the effectiveness of the medication on the uterus. Generally speaking, if the uterus is significantly enlarged after treatment, the volume of the uterine cavity is not less than 5 ml, the menstruation is normal, and there are no other reproductive tract abnormalities that affect fertility, there is hope for pregnancy.