First, amblyopia is an eye disease, and the timing of treatment is strictly limited by age, it is an eye disease that must be cured before the cessation of vision development (before the age of 12), and the younger the age, the better the treatment effect. Amblyopia can be roughly divided into three phases: the best phase (3-6 years old), the second best phase (7-9 years old), and the worst phase (10-12 years old), which highlights the importance of early detection and timely treatment of amblyopia. Second, the essence of amblyopia is that the fundus function is not well developed, because if the fundus function is not well developed, no matter what glasses are worn or any other method, including drugs and surgery, the vision cannot reach normal. This is why the best visual acuity (vision with glasses) of children with normal vision development can reach 1.0, while amblyopic patients cannot reach the normal standard visual acuity of 1.0 even with glasses. The importance of the fundus is evident from the following two examples: First, all patients who come to the hospital for eye examination, doctors are required to check the fundus to detect any abnormalities in the fundus; Second, many people feel that their eyes can not see things, the first thing to worry about and the first thought is the fundus is not a problem, because we all know that the fundus is the most important for the human eye. The cornea, lens and fundus are the three parts that determine the vision of the human eye, where the cornea and lens (such as cataracts) can be transplanted or replaced, but only the fundus cannot be moved or replaced, so amblyopic eyes with abnormal fundus development cannot achieve normal vision no matter if they wear glasses or use surgery or drugs, which shows the importance of amblyopia must be cured. In addition, the development of the fundus, like the development of height, is limited in time. The height will not grow after the age of eighteen, and the fundus development is generally until the age of twelve, which is why amblyopia must be cured before the age of twelve. Third, failure to achieve normal fundus development refers to functional abnormalities, not organic abnormalities. Functional abnormalities can only be improved by wearing glasses and training, and cannot be treated by medication or surgery. Fourth, amblyopia is formed later in life and is caused by a definite cause before it is formed; amblyopia does not form for no reason. In clinical work, many parents ask doctors this: “Is amblyopia congenital?”
This is because parents are concerned about the prognosis of their amblyopic children, they think that the treatment of congenital amblyopia is not good, if it is not congenital, the treatment will have confidence. Congenital amblyopia” is not a name. Therefore, amblyopia is mainly formed during the development of visual function after birth, and is therefore acquired, of which the most common are strabismic amblyopia, refractive amblyopia, refractive error amblyopia and form deprivation amblyopia.