The main risks of clavicle fracture are injury to adjacent bones and joints, pleural and pulmonary injuries, brachial plexus nerve injury, vascular injury and fracture non-union, as well as complications if surgery is performed. Injuries to adjacent bones and joints can be combined with separation of the sternoclavicular joint and can lead to scaphoid fractures, pleural and pulmonary injuries, which are also common in clinical practice. As the clavicle is adjacent to the top of the pleura and the upper lobe of the lung, the displaced clavicle can cause lacerations to the pleura and lung tissue, resulting in pneumothorax or hemothorax, and the incidence of combined pneumothorax is very high, sometimes up to 30%. Injuries to the brachial plexus nerve can be caused by fracture displacement, which can result in damage to the brachial plexus nerve, leading to functional limitations in the area innervated by the fracture. Clavicle fracture may also lead to injury to the large blood vessels, which is rare and occurs when the fracture is displaced by a large violent injury, and the incidence of vascular damage and non-union of the fracture is also high, mostly in adults and the elderly. If surgery is performed, its complications are usually associated with deformed healing of the fracture, or pain in the shoulder joint, as well as strain on the patient’s supination and posterior extension. The sequelae of a clavicle fracture are complex and varied, and after a clavicle fracture, it is important to pay close attention to and investigate various complications to reduce the prognosis of the patient.