(1) Surgery is preferred for the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer. Surgical resection alone has a cure rate of over 60% for differentiated thyroid cancer. The extent of surgical resection directly affects the subsequent treatment and patient’s outcome. Double lobectomy or near-total resection is the best choice for the first treatment. (2) After surgery, 131 iodine should be applied to remove residual thyroid tissue and treat metastases of thyroid cancer. (3) Thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be given after 131 iodine treatment. At present, it is internationally recognized that the best solution for curing differentiated thyroid cancer is a combination of surgical resection + 131 iodine removal of residual thyroid tissue + thyroid hormone replacement therapy.