In terms of disease spectrum, most of the pediatric thoracic surgeries (80-90%) can be corrected thoracoscopically, including esophageal atresia, esophageal hiatal hernia, esophageal tracheal fistula, esophageal cyst, mediastinal tumor, mediastinal cyst, diaphragmatic hernia, diaphragmatic elevation, bronchial cyst, pulmonary cyst, cystic adenomatoid malformation, pulmonary alveoli, lobar emphysema, abscess chest, lung biopsy, tumor biopsy, thoracic deformity, funnel chest, and so on. forked ribs, etc. In terms of surgical results, thoracoscopic surgery can achieve the same results as open chest surgery. From the parents’ and children’s point of view, minimally invasive surgery is more likely to be welcomed and accepted by parents and children. From the doctor’s point of view, I am more receptive to thoracoscopy because after all, the surgical incision is there, 1cm versus 6-7cm, and the results are clear at a glance, and the postoperative complications are not increased. In terms of surgery time, although at present the time of thoracoscopic surgery is slightly more than half to one hour compared with open surgery. However, the difference in time is slowly decreasing as we become more proficient. The most obvious one is that for pediatric esophageal hiatal hernia surgery, the lumpectomy used to take 4 hours, but now the operation time can be controlled within 2 hours, and for a simple hiatal hernia, it can be completed in 1 hour, which is no longer different from open surgery. Minimally invasive should also be a trend in the future.