Hyperthyroidism, or hyperthyroidism for short, is a thyrotoxicosis caused by excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid glands themselves. The etiology of hyperthyroidism cannot be treated yet, but with standard treatment, the thyroid hormones can be controlled to normal levels, thus achieving a clinical cure. Treatment of hyperthyroidism mainly includes anti-thyroid medication, 131I therapy and surgery. 1. Anti-thyroid medication: It is the basic treatment for hyperthyroidism, and its function is to inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. 2. 131I treatment for hyperthyroidism aims to destroy the thyroid tissue: reduce the production of thyroid hormones. It is mainly applied to patients with enlarged thyroid gland of degree II or above; allergy to antithyroid drugs; relapse after antithyroid drug treatment or surgery; hyperthyroidism combined with heart disease; hyperthyroidism with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or complete blood cytopenia; hyperthyroidism combined with impairment of liver, kidney and other organ functions; refusal of surgery or contraindication to surgery; and infiltrative proptosis. Contraindications are pregnancy and lactating women. 3.Surgical treatment: mainly for those with significant goiter and pressure symptoms; moderate or severe hyperthyroidism, long-term medication ineffective, or relapse with discontinuation of medication, or inability to adhere to medication; retrosternal goiter with suspected malignancy by fine needle aspiration cytology; pregnant patients with ineffective or allergic anti-thyroid medication, surgery needs to be performed in the T2 stage (4-6 months). 4. Other treatments: e.g. reduction of iodine intake; application of beta-receptor antagonists. In addition, for thyroid crisis, Graves’ ophthalmopathy and hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, the treatment will be slightly different because of certain specificities. Therefore, although hyperthyroidism cannot be cured, most patients’ thyroid hormone levels can be controlled within the normal range and clinical cure can be achieved through treatment in the above ways.