Rehabilitation refers to the integrated and coordinated application of medical, social, educational and vocational measures to eliminate and reduce the physical, mental and social dysfunction of the sick, injured or disabled, with the aim of enhancing self-sufficiency, enabling the sick, injured or disabled to return to society and improving the quality of life. Medical rehabilitation is a part of applying the means and methods of clinical medicine for the rehabilitation of diseases, which belongs to the category of clinical medicine. Its purpose is to improve function, or to create conditions for later functional rehabilitation. The fundamental purpose of rehabilitation medicine is to promote the rehabilitation process after physical illness, injury or disability, to prevent and/or reduce the degree of functional impairment, or to use various means mainly of medicine to try to restore the patient’s restricted or lost functions and abilities to the maximum possible, so as to be able to return to society and live a life close to normal or more normal. For this reason, rehabilitation should be started at the early stage of the occurrence of illness, injury or disability, as long as the pathological changes are stable and the general situation permits, and it should also intervene before the occurrence of illness, injury or disability to form the so-called preventive rehabilitation, which is an important modern medical thinking. The multidisciplinary collaborative, extensive and social behavioral nature of rehabilitation medicine fully reflects the biological, psychological and social medical model of modern medicine. Today, with the tremendous progress in medicine, various infectious diseases have been largely controlled, and the current causes of human death can be considered mainly myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and trauma, but a large proportion of these patients can survive for a long period of time, in addition to those who die acutely, and for those who survive, rehabilitation medicine has a tremendous role to play. In patients who survive a stroke, active rehabilitation can enable 90% of them to walk and take care of themselves again, and 30% of them to resume some light work. This enables many patients with severe disabilities not only not to become a burden to society and families, but also to continue to contribute to society in different ways, which is one of the reasons why rehabilitation medicine can turn negative factors into positive factors and is increasingly valued by society. Patients with various injuries as well as acute and chronic diseases and dysfunctions brought about by aging, and disabled people with various dysfunctions should be the main target of rehabilitation medicine treatment. Orthopedic and neurological diseases and injuries, such as bone and joint injuries, amputations, hand trauma, osteoarthritis, cervical spondylosis, low back pain, cerebrovascular diseases, cranial trauma, spinal cord injuries and peripheral neuropathy and injuries, are the earliest and most important indications for rehabilitation medicine. The status of rehabilitation is becoming more and more important because it aims to improve the overall function of human beings, improve the quality of life, and improve the physical, mental, spiritual and psychological abilities of all aspects of social life. At the present stage of medical thinking, the main goal is still to “cure the disease and save the person”, and with the enlightenment of practical work and the renewal of concepts, the guiding ideology of rehabilitation is bound to be more and more widely accepted by clinical workers and will be organically integrated into their daily medical work.