Cleft lip, also known as hare lip, and cleft palate, also known as lupus, are common congenital malformations of the oral and maxillofacial region. Cleft lip and cleft palate can occur separately or simultaneously. According to statistics: the incidence of cleft lip and palate in newborns in China is about 1:1000, and the occurrence of cleft lip and palate is more in males than females, and more on the left than on the right. The etiology of cleft lip and palate In a normal fetus, some embryonic protrusions gradually fuse with each other to form a face after the fifth week, and if they fail to develop normally and fuse with each other, congenital cleft lip and palate malformations occur. Cleft lip occurs when the globus pallidus at the lower end of the middle nasal eminence fails to fuse with the maxillary eminence at week 7, while cleft palate occurs when the palatal eminence and nasal septum fail to fuse with each other at week 10. The causes of cleft lip and cleft palate that fail to fuse are not fully understood, but are related to the following factors: 1. Genetic factors: cleft lip and palate is a polygenic genetic disease with a normal incidence of 0.10% to 0.17%, but if the father has cleft lip, the incidence of the offspring is about 3%, and if the mother has cleft lip, the chance of inheriting it to the child is as high as 14%; 2. Nutritional deficiencies: women who are pregnant Vomiting, anorexia and partial eating during pregnancy can affect nutritional intake, resulting in vitamin (such as vitamin A, E, B2, B6, C, D), folic acid and mineral deficiencies such as calcium, phosphorus and iron; 3, viral infections: in the early stages of pregnancy (within 2 months), viral infections such as viral flu or rubella can be the cause of cleft lip in infants; 4, drug factors: it is clear that the cleft lip and palate deformities are caused 5, endocrine disorders: in early pregnancy (within 8 weeks), if the pregnant woman is emotionally stressed, or for physiological or mental reasons, the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone in the body increases, which can lead to malformation of the embryo; 6, radiation: if exposed to radiation in early pregnancy, it may cause mutation of embryonic cells 7, smoking, alcohol abuse: pregnant women smoking, alcohol abuse can also lead to cleft lip and palate; 8, parental age factors: the incidence of cleft lip and palate and the parents’ age of childbirth has a certain correlation, the higher the risk of occurrence of cleft lip and palate if the age of childbirth is more than 35 years old.