Hepatitis B virus infection – hepatitis attack – cirrhosis – liver cancer is what many patients believe is the inevitable path after hepatitis B virus infection. It is true that this is the natural course of disease after hepatitis B infection, i.e., after no examination and no treatment, it may really happen, and cirrhosis and liver cancer will happen without knowing and without pain. Seeing the bad outcomes of hepatitis B patients around them, many hepatitis B patients are under great psychological pressure, always thinking that hepatitis B cannot be cured and seems to be certain to get cirrhosis or liver cancer, which is equivalent to terminal illness. Is this really the case? Scientific data shows that from infection with hepatitis B virus to cirrhosis and liver cancer is a probabilistic event, and it is not certain that you will get cirrhosis and liver cancer if you are infected with hepatitis B. Moreover, it takes a longer period of time. Moreover, it takes a longer period of time, such as 15-20 years. In 2006, the National Hepatitis B Sero-Epidemiological Survey showed that the HBsAg carriage rate of the general population aged 1-59 in China was 7.18%. According to this projection, there are about 93 million people with chronic HBV infection in China, including about 20 million cases of chronic hepatitis B. The situation of our offspring is more optimistic, with a significant decrease in those infected with hepatitis B. The results of the national hepatitis B seroepidemiological survey of people aged 1 to 29 in 2014 showed that the prevalence of HBsAg in people aged 1 to 4, 5 to 14 and 15 to 29 was 0.32%, 0.94% and 4.38% respectively (China CDC). 2. Chronic hepatitis B will not necessarily develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. The annual incidence of cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients is 2% to 10%; 3. Cirrhosis does not necessarily lead to liver cancer. The annual incidence of HCC in non-cirrhotic HBV-infected patients is 0.5% to 1.0%. The annual incidence of HCC in cirrhotic patients is 3-6%. 4.Cirrhosis of the liver does not necessarily lead to death. The annual incidence of compensated cirrhosis progressing to hepatic decompensation is 3% to 5%, and the 5-year survival rate of decompensated cirrhosis is 14% to 35%. Seeing the data provided in the 2015 Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B above, patients must have a general idea of the possible outcomes of hepatitis B infection. In fact, most are in the early stages, i.e., hepatitis B carriers with normal liver function and no discomfort. Even if they have developed chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis compensated stage, after reasonable treatment, it is entirely possible to achieve long-term stability of the disease, does not affect the life expectancy, does not affect the life of the. If you know yourself and your enemy, you will never lose a battle. Of course, if you are infected with the hepatitis B virus, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible for a checkup and ask a liver specialist to do a comprehensive assessment of our condition, to clearly understand what stage the hepatitis B virus infection is at and how it may progress in that direction. This will facilitate the development of a targeted review or treatment plan to minimize the incidence of cirrhosis and liver cancer.