Intracranial arachnoid cysts are benign lesions of the intracranial arachnoid membrane in which the cyst is filled with cerebrospinal fluid. With the widespread use of cranial CT and MRI in clinical practice, the detection rate of arachnoid cysts continues to increase. The current general consensus is that patients with significant symptoms should be treated surgically. The indications for surgery include: (1) the presence of increased intracranial pressure such as headache and vomiting, or localized brain tissue displacement and cranial compression; (2) the presence of epilepsy; (3) the presence of focal neurological deficits; and (4) the presence of intracapsular hemorrhage or subdural hemorrhage. In children with arachnoid cysts, some doctors believe that surgery can be considered because the cysts can gradually increase in size and compress the brain tissue as the child develops. Therefore, some children with arachnoid cysts that show a cyst >3 cm3 on CT or MRI may be candidates for surgery. The common surgical methods used to treat arachnoid cysts include cystectomy, cyst aspiration, cyst ventriculostomy, cystic ventriculostomy and cyst shunt. Regardless of the method used, the goal of surgery is to relieve the cyst from compressing the surrounding structures and to prevent recurrence of the cyst.