There are three main treatments for hyperthyroidism, including internal antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy, nuclear medicine iodine-131 therapy, and surgical treatment. Internal medication is relatively mild, and the dosage can be adjusted in time during treatment. The disadvantage is that the treatment course is long, usually requiring 1-2 years of standardized treatment; during treatment, ATD can cause allergies, damage to liver and kidney function and hematopoietic system and is often difficult to maintain once it occurs. Another disadvantage is that hyperthyroidism is prone to relapse when the drug is discontinued or reduced, and the relapse rate of ATD treatment has been reported to be around 40-60%. Iodine-131 treatment is easy to use and usually only one dose of iodine-131 is given. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism start to improve about 4 weeks after treatment, and the remission rate of hyperthyroidism usually reaches 75-80% in about one year. Iodine-131 treatment does not cause allergy, damage to liver and kidney function or hematopoietic function. Those hyperthyroid patients who have allergies, abnormal liver and kidney function or decreased blood cells due to ATD treatment can still be treated. Some patients with no significant improvement in symptoms or incomplete remission after six months of iodine-131 treatment can be retreated with iodine-131 again. The disadvantage of iodine-131 treatment is that it is slow to relieve symptoms. Surgery is usually used to treat hyperthyroidism by subtotal thyroidectomy, which provides rapid relief of hyperthyroidism, especially for patients with a significantly enlarged thyroid gland with proptosis and hyperthyroidism with nodules, but its disadvantage is that it is invasive. Therefore, for different patients with hyperthyroidism, doctors should adopt individualized treatment plans in order to achieve the best results.