Dietary treatment is the basis of treatment for hemodialysis patients, because hemodialysis often leads to the loss of nutrients, so the diet of hemodialysis patients should be supplemented according to the following requirements 1.Control water intake Excessive water intake may easily induce or aggravate edema, hypertension and even heart failure, which may manifest as shortness of breath and chest tightness. Therefore, the water intake should be “measured for the intake”, dialysis patients should control the daily weight gain of no more than 0.5 to 0.8 kg. If you are thirsty, you can take small ice cubes, mints or chew gum to promote the secretion of saliva. Alcoholic beverages are prohibited to avoid triggering gout. While fresh fruit juice is high in potassium, soft drinks in general often contain certain sodium salts, so it is recommended to use pure water or mineral water. 2. Restrict sodium and potassium intake In order to prevent edema and hypertension, patients need to restrict sodium intake to varying degrees. Most dialysis patients should limit their daily sodium intake to 4-6 grams, and patients with severe hypertension need to strictly limit their sodium intake. However, a long-term low-salt diet can affect the patient’s appetite and produce fatigue. Care should be taken to provide a varied and colorful diet according to the patient’s eating habits. If the sodium in the patient’s diet is well controlled, the water intake can be easily controlled. In uremia, the kidney’s ability to excrete potassium is significantly reduced, often resulting in cardiac arrhythmias and life-threatening hyperkalemia. Potassium is commonly found in all kinds of food, especially in meat and beans, followed by rice and noodles, and less in eggs. Vegetables, especially spinach and tomatoes, and fruits, such as oranges, melons, bananas, peaches and grapefruit, all contain high levels of potassium. The daily intake of potassium for dialysis patients should be limited to 2-3 grams. An effective way to prevent eating too much potassium, in addition to paying attention to the variety of food, should be processed in a boiled way and then discard the soup and eat it, as most of the potassium ions stay in the soup. 3. Increase protein supplementation Hemodialysis treatment often leads to loss of amino acids and protein, so dietary principles should be relaxed and daily protein intake should be increased to 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg. This nutritional standard is reasonable for hemodialysis patients who maintain a stable state, but it is not enough to alleviate malnutrition before dialysis and after dialysis when infection, heart disease, gastrointestinal tract and other diseases occur, and additional supplementation of essential amino acids and other nutrients is needed. Such as fish, lean meat, milk, eggs and other animal proteins rich in essential amino acids. 4.Limit cholesterol intake Hemodialysis patients are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia. However, limiting cholesterol should be selective, because many cholesterol-containing foods are also the main foods containing high-quality protein, such as meat and eggs. Patients can choose to eat egg whites to ensure the intake of high quality protein while reducing cholesterol intake. The white meat of fish or poultry is better than red meat, and attention should be paid to the choice. 5, calcium intake Due to the lack of active vitamin D in dialysis patients and the body’s resistance to the action of active vitamin D, and the restriction of phosphorus intake in the diet, it often results in low blood calcium concentration. Patients should be given adequate calcium and vitamin D supplements under the condition of close monitoring of serum calcium and phosphorus levels. 6, avoid high phosphorus diet Uremic patients with abnormal amino acid metabolism, hyperphosphatemia is an important factor causing renal bone disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Phosphorus is mainly present in dairy products, egg yolk, animal offal (heart and liver), shrimp, peanuts, nuts, soy products and other foods, pay attention to proper control; vegetable soup contains dissolved phosphorus, should be drunk sparingly is better. To ensure protein intake, taking phosphorus binding agents on the basis of adequate dialysis is also an important way to prevent and control hyperphosphatemia. In addition, while vitamin deficiency results from inadequate feeding, metabolic changes and vitamin loss through dialysis. Thus, attention should be paid to the supplementation of vitamin C, folic acid, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin A, etc. In addition For dietary advice 1, try to avoid beans and their products, and eat less nuts (e.g. walnuts, chestnuts, almonds, etc.) and pickled foods (e.g. pickles, sauces, etc.) which are available in stores. 2. In order to increase the discharge of creatinine and urea nitrogen, it is necessary to make the bowel movement smooth.