Long-acting bronchodilators (formoterol, tiotropium bromide) may be given to improve airflow limitation in patients with bronchiectasis who have obstructive ventilatory dysfunction. Bronchiectasis refers to a group of diseases in which acute and chronic respiratory infections and bronchial obstruction are followed by recurrent bronchial suppurative inflammation, resulting in destruction and thickening of the bronchial wall and causing persistent bronchial dilatation, including three types: columnar dilatation, cystic dilatation and irregular dilatation. In patients who already have obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, long-acting bronchodilators can be used to improve airflow limitation and help clear secretions. Long-acting bronchodilators include long-acting β₂ agonists such as formoterol, long-acting anticholinergics such as tiotropium bromide, and inhaled glucocorticoids/long-acting β₂ agonists such as budesonide formoterol powder inhaler. Patients with bronchiectasis who require long-term use of inhaled medications are advised to use them under the guidance of a physician to avoid delays or adverse reactions.