Primary myopia can be divided by etiology into two categories: high myopia with single gene inheritance and simple myopia with multifactorial inheritance (i.e., determined by a combination of genetics and environment). The relationship between myopia and genetics is very complex, and the prevalence of myopia varies greatly by race, with yellow having the highest prevalence, white the second highest, and black the lowest, and even under the same environmental conditions, the prevalence of myopia still varies significantly by race, indicating that genetic factors are the main cause of racial differences.