Vitamin B3, vitamin C and vitamin E all have a whitening effect. Vitamin B3 includes niacin and niacinamide, which are important structures of coenzyme I and coenzyme II. These enzymes are involved in the metabolism of sugar, protein and fat, and can inhibit the expression of melanin and, more importantly, affect the transport of melanin particles and reduce the pigment in keratinocytes, thus providing a whitening effect. Vitamin C can prevent dopa oxidation and affect the activity of complexinase, thus inhibiting melanin synthesis. Vitamin E has a strong anti-lipid oxidation effect, which can effectively fight against free radicals, delay photoaging and inhibit complexinase activity, thus reducing the synthesis of melanin. To achieve the purpose of skin whitening, vitamins alone cannot solve the fundamental problem, because the factors affecting skin darkening also include genetic factors, ultraviolet factors, individual differences, drug factors, etc.