The etiology of pediatric syringomyelia is divided into primary and secondary syringomyelia. 1, primary syringomyelia: more than 90% of pediatric syringomyelia are clinically present due to tiny traffic ducts formed by unclosed sphincters. Incomplete closure of the syringomyelia in different areas causes syringomyelia in different areas. The cause of primary testicular syringomyelia is not completely clear, but may be due to increased secretion and decreased absorption of the sphincter or due to congenital factors such as defects in the sphincter lymphatic duct system. 2.Secondary syringomyelia: Most of them have primary diseases, such as acute orchitis, epididymitis, spermatorrhea, etc., which stimulate the increase of sphincter exudation and cause effusion. Scrotal surgery damages lymphatic vessels causing impaired reflux, as well as high fever, heart failure, ascites, etc., manifesting as acute sphingomyelia; chronic secondary effusions are common in chronic orchitis, epididymitis, syphilis, tuberculosis, testicular tumors, etc., causing increased sphingomyelia secretion and effusion. In addition, filariasis and schistosomiasis can also cause syringomyelia. The fluid often contains white blood cells. Treatment 1.For small size, low tension and asymptomatic cysts, there is no need to operate urgently, especially for infants and children within 1 year of age who may subside on their own, but for larger size, high tension can affect testicular blood circulation and lead to testicular atrophy, so timely surgery should be performed. 2.Sclerotherapy Scrotal puncture, extraction of fluid, injection of tetracycline, anhydrous alcohol or other stimulating fluid, treatment complications are many and still controversial. This method is rarely used anymore. 3.Surgical treatment Sphincter ligation in high position: After freeing the sphincter to a high position, the sphincter is ligated and the traffic duct is closed. This method is used for all pediatric syringomyelia. Currently, it is recommended that surgery be performed after one year of age before school age. Before surgery, regular ultrasound examinations should be done at the hospital during the observation process, and if there is a sudden increase in size or if it is accompanied by pain, go to the hospital quickly for examination. Open surgery incision is usually 2-3 cm, as for some places using laparoscopic surgery, you can choose according to the needs of parents. There are risks associated with the surgery, mainly recurrence or postoperative inguinal hernia, as well as bleeding and the upward shift of the position of some testicles after surgery.