Dental implants, or implant supported denture, are a type of missing tooth restoration based on dental implant support and retention. It is a type of missing tooth restoration based on the support and retention of a dental implant. The so-called “dental implant” is a metal “root” implanted in the alveolar bone and topped with a dental crown to form a denture that resembles a real tooth in form and function. With the development of industry, metal implants with high strength and good corrosion resistance, ceramic implants and composite implants have emerged, and the most used implant is titanium. The design of implants and implant methods are also being improved. The most commonly used implants are titanium implants. It is especially suitable for some difficult cases where conventional restoration is difficult to achieve or for those who psychologically reject removable prosthesis. 2. Contraindications: (1) Absolute contraindications ① Systemic diseases such as progressive malignant tumors and AIDS patients. (2) Cardiovascular disease and heart disease. Patients after heart valve replacement and patients within 6 months of myocardial infarction should avoid implant surgery. ③Patients with hematologic disorders. Coagulation needs to be examined. ④Patients taking anticoagulants or other medications that can cause coagulation disorders. ⑤ Patients with psychological/psychiatric disorders are present. ⑥Patients with acute inflammation of any infection. For example, acute inflammation of the respiratory tract may have an impact on the prognosis of treatment. (2) Relative contraindications ①Diabetes mellitus: type 1 diabetes mellitus is an absolute contraindication and type 2 diabetes mellitus is a relative contraindication. (2) Patients after maxillary radiotherapy (3) Chemotherapy drugs (4) Bisphosphonates (5) Smoking (6) Drug or alcohol abuse (7) Skin/mucosal lesions (8) Long-term glucocorticoid use (9) Pre-operative preparation 1. Immediate implantation Immediate implant placement in the extraction socket Bone and soft tissues are not healed II Early implantation (soft tissue healing) Usually 4-8 weeks after extraction Partial soft tissue healing; soft tissue healing exists in the post-extraction site, but no significant bone healing III Early implantation (partial bone healing) Usually 12-16 weeks after extraction Soft tissue healing and some bone healing exist in the post-extraction site IV Delayed implantation After 6 months after extraction Complete healing of hard and soft tissues 2. Choice of loading scheme for implant restoration Immediate restoration Immediate loading Early loading Conventional loading Extended loading After implant placement, the restoration is brought in within 48 hours without contact with the opposing teeth After implant placement, the restoration is brought in within 48 hours with contact with the opposing teeth After implant placement, the restoration is brought in between 48 hours and 3 months with contact with the opposing teeth After implant placement, wear the restoration after a healing period of 3 to 6 months After implant placement, wear the restoration after a healing period of more than 6 months The choice of implant timing and loading protocol should be determined by the patient’s specific situation and the implant system used. Currently, the conventional loading scheme is to wear the restoration after a healing period of 3 to 6 months after implant placement, which is the most widely used in clinical practice because of the high retention rate and success rate of implant restoration in different implant areas and clinical conditions. V Prognosis The surgeon’s technique and the patient’s maintenance are the two key factors that influence the prognosis of implant treatment. After implant restoration, several follow-up examinations should be performed, usually for 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Through standardized regular review, diagnostic monitoring of the patient’s implant prosthesis is performed to detect problems at an early stage, eliminate hidden dangers, and take necessary preventive and therapeutic measures in time to reduce the occurrence of peri-implant disease. However, there are many institutions carrying out implant treatment and the level of doctors varies, so it is foreseeable that a large number of patients with peri-implant disease will appear in the next five years. Oral maintenance for implant patients 1. Stop smoking 2. (1) Flossing: Flossing can effectively remove plaque and food debris between and around the implants, especially for patients with normal gaps, and has a good effect on preventing peri-implantitis. (2) Gap brush: When the patient has misaligned teeth or gum recession, some parts of the implant denture are difficult to clean with a normal toothbrush and dental floss. The use of a small, nimble interdental brush can easily access them and effectively remove plaque. The interdental brush is usually used every night after bedtime brushing, and the brush head is available in various diameters and needs to be replaced regularly after use. (3) Water flush dental scaler, also called flosser, water floss. After the micro-motor pump to pressurize the water, produce high-frequency ultra-fine high-pressure pulse water column, through the nozzle to any part of the oral cavity. The cleaning effect is better. 4. Chemical plaque control method The medication methods include rinsing, coating, local rinsing, and introducing slow-release medication into periodontal pockets. The effect of plaque control is achieved. At present, the most commonly used mouthwash is 0.12%~2% chlorhexidine with infusion, also known as chlorhexidine, which is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent and can better inhibit the formation of supragingival plaque, the disadvantage of which is that it may slightly stain teeth and restorations, etc., and mildly irritate the oral mucosa.