Diabetes screening requires fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test, glycosylated hemoglobin, C-peptide release test and insulin release test. After the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is confirmed, it is necessary to complete the examination program for related complications.
If there are the typical “three more and one less” symptoms of diabetes mellitus (drinking more, eating more, urinating more, and losing weight), and if the fasting blood glucose 7 ≥ mmol/l, or glucose tolerance 2-hour blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l, or random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l, or glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% of any of them, then the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus can be confirmed. Diabetes mellitus.
If there are no symptoms of diabetes, two plasma glucose events meeting these criteria are required to confirm the diagnosis.
In addition, insulin release test and C-peptide release test can be performed, which can reflect the function of the pancreatic islets and help to distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
After the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is confirmed, it is necessary to improve the examination of related complications, such as funduscopic examination, vascular ultrasound, gastrointestinal function dynamics examination and other examination programs, and it is generally recommended that at least 1 review. If there is already a combination of hypertension, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia and other metabolic abnormalities of the population, it is recommended that at least half a year review once.
Patients in need of diabetes-related examinations are advised to go to the hospital and ask the doctor to make a judgment and choose the appropriate examination method.