1, the patient’s psychological preparation (1) improve the patient’s confidence in surgery: patients with coronary heart disease often have the experience of angina pectoris or myocardial infarction episodes, and have personal experience of the pain of the disease, before surgery, both the expectation of successful surgery, but more apprehension. At this time, doctors and family members should work together to improve the patient’s understanding of the surgery and make them realize that heart surgery is not terrible and has a high chance of success and recovery. Although there is pain and discomfort in the early postoperative period, it is not as serious as people think, and most patients can tolerate it. Being open and optimistic about the surgery is more conducive to a smooth postoperative recovery. (2) Be psychologically prepared to face difficulties after surgery: heart surgery is large in scale and takes a long time, which will have a relatively obvious impact on the patient’s physique in a short period of time. For example, wound pain, decreased appetite, and significantly reduced activity tolerance are very common problems. It is also not uncommon for patients to feel isolated and helpless, or even mentally impaired, when their families cannot visit them during the early postoperative period in the care unit. Therefore, patients should be fully prepared psychologically before surgery, believe that these difficulties are temporary, trust the responsibility and medical level of doctors and nurses, and actively cooperate with the diagnosis and treatment process, then they will obtain good clinical results. 2. Physiological preparation of patients (1) Adjustment of living habits: To prevent angina attacks, during hospitalization, patients with coronary artery disease are advised to control their diet appropriately and not to eat too much; diabetic patients should not eat snacks at will. Pay attention to rest and ensure only the minimum amount of activity required to maintain physical strength (such as walking slowly in the ward), and not even getting out of bed if specifically requested by the doctor. Keep the bowels open, and if constipated, take oral laxative medication to prevent excessive straining during bowel movements, which can trigger angina. Patients who smoke should be sure to quit smoking, because smoking may induce both coronary artery spasm and increase the patient’s postoperative respiratory secretions, delaying disengagement from the ventilator and seriously interfering with postoperative recovery. Some patients, especially senior patients, can do some respiratory function exercises before surgery, such as using medical respiratory function trainers or blowing up balloons; they can practice more abdominal breathing, which can reduce the pain and increase the strength when coughing after surgery. Pay attention to the prevention of infection and do not touch too many outsiders to prevent colds. (2) Medication: Any medication taken before hospitalization should be stopped unless approved by the doctor. If your condition permits, medications that may increase the risk of bleeding, such as aspirin and poliovirus, should be discontinued 5-7 days prior to surgery. If an angina attack occurs, please inform the nurse on duty at the first opportunity instead of taking medication on your own immediately. In short, the patient’s preoperative preparation is nothing more than the eight words “increase confidence and cooperate with medical treatment”.