Energy intake, energy density and nutrient intake are associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in adults, but their impact on the current emerging risk of type 2 diabetes in children is unclear. Dr. Donin et al. from the School of Population Health Sciences and Education, University of London, UK, studied the association of these influences in a multi-ethnic population of children, and the paper was published in the journal Diabetes Care. The study was a cross-sectional study of 2,017 children, including white European, South Asian and black African (indigenous Caribbean), aged 9-10 years. Data were collected through detailed 24-h dietary recall, body composition measurements, collection of fasting blood samples to measure blood glucose concentrations, HbA1c and serum insulin levels, and calculation of the HOMA insulin resistance index. The results of the study showed that energy intake was positively associated with insulin resistance. After removing the 176 participants whose energy intake was not reasonable (because their energy intake did not represent habitual intake), the correlation between energy intake and insulin resistance was more pronounced and correlated with glycemic and adiposity indices. In addition, energy density was also positively correlated with insulin resistance and adiposity index. After cross-correctional analysis, insulin resistance remained correlated with energy intake, but not significantly with energy density. Individual nutrient intakes were not correlated with type 2 diabetes risk markers. This study concludes that higher total energy intake is significantly correlated with elevated levels of insulin resistance, which may help explain the current emerging risk of type 2 diabetes in children.