Congenital pulmonary hypoplasia can occur in both lungs, unilateral lung or one lobe lung, and is divided into 3 categories according to its degree of occurrence: 1. Pulmonary dysplasia: one or both lungs are absent; 2. Pulmonary dysplasia: the bronchial primordium is in a terminal blind sac, and no pulmonary vessels or lung parenchyma are seen; 3. Pulmonary hypoplasia: bronchial, vascular and alveolar tissues are visible, but the number and/or volume are reduced, and the patient may develop pulmonary vascular and other malformations with Lesions. Both sides of the lungs do not develop and do not develop. The main clinical manifestations are: dyspnea, even respiratory distress, and long-term recurrent respiratory infections. Physical examination reveals collapse of the affected thorax, decreased mobility, turbid percussion, and decreased or absent breath sounds on auscultation, and patients may be accompanied by clinical manifestations of other congenital malformations, such as renal insufficiency, etc. Mild cases may have no obvious clinical symptoms and are detected only during routine chest X-ray examinations. The diagnosis can be confirmed by clinical manifestations and pulmonary arteriogram. Arterial blood gas analysis shows hypoxemia, while arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure is in the normal range. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans, especially 3D imaging scans, clearly show tracheobronchial malformations, narrowing of the affected thorax, absence of lung texture, or cystic translucency, irregular pulmonary vascular shadow, mediastinal shift, diaphragm elevation, and hyperinflation of the contralateral lung. Angiography and color Doppler examinations can help to visualize vascular (pulmonary arteries, veins, and odd veins) malformations and thus identify other causes of pulmonary atelectasis and bronchiectasis. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy helps to visualize the bronchial lumen and obstruction. Pulmonary function tests show restrictive ventilatory dysfunction, reduced lung compliance and increased airway resistance. Asymptomatic and untreated; recurrent coughing and hemoptysis, affecting development; bronchial and vascular abnormalities in the affected lung; combined with cardiac and macrovascular malformations, surgical treatment.