Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an extremely powerful health killer for patients suffering from this condition. Currently, the main surgical treatment for OSAS and snoring is uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. The aim is to enlarge the diameter of the oropharynx and nasopharyngeal cavity and to release the airway stenosis at the level of oropharynx. It is virtually ineffective for other levels of airway obstruction. The most classic uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is mainly applied to patients with simple snoring and mild to moderate sleep apnea, especially for patients with anatomical narrowing of the oropharynx, such as tonsillar hypertrophy, lateral pharyngeal hypertrophy and hypertrophic relaxation of the soft palate and the uvula, as confirmed by nasopharyngeal fiberscopy. Therefore, in addition to sleep monitoring, they should undergo a specialized upper airway examination (operated by a physician specializing in otolaryngology or sleep respiration). The effect of UPPP on the release of obstruction at the level of the middle hypopharyngeal cavity is extremely inaccurate, and the success rate of UPPP for OSAS has been reported to be only about 50%, mainly due to improper grasp of surgical indications. UPPP surgery has certain risks. Postoperative complications include infection, bleeding, sore throat, transient tongue numbness, and in a few patients, speech and swallowing disorders. Therefore, preoperative design is very important. Some patients may have increased obstructive pauses due to local scar contraction and increase the difficulty and pressure required to use the ventilator later. Since sleep apnea is related to age, weight, and soft tissue laxity, the recurrence rate is relatively high more than 2 years after UPPP surgery. In addition, the combined surgical treatment plan in multiple planes is more surgical field and traumatic, and the clinical results are to be evaluated in further large sample size studies. One important principle is that patients with severe obesity or patients with already elevated daytime arterial blood gas carbon dioxide (obesity hypoventilation) are not suitable for attempting surgical treatment of OSA. With the development of technology, some minimally invasive procedures such as laser, radiofrequency and tubular implantation are widely used in clinical practice, but the available clinical evidence shows that these minimally invasive procedures are more suitable for solving the problem of “snoring” (i.e. snoring) and are not recommended for sleep apnea, especially in moderate to severe cases.