Refractory wounds are wounds that are difficult to heal on their own due to various reasons and usually require special treatment or even surgical repair to heal. Refractory wounds usually include the following types: 1. Radiation ulcers: often caused by radiation therapy after malignant tumor resection, commonly found on the skull, anterior sternum, breast area, supraclavicular area, etc. 2. 2. Pressure ulcers: Also known as decubitus ulcers, they are often caused by paraplegia, immobility, and prolonged bed rest, and for stage III and IV pressure ulcers, surgery is often the only option. 3.Chronic ulcer of the lower leg: It is commonly caused by varicose veins of the lower limb, due to long-term poor venous reflux in the lower leg, coupled with poor circulation in the lower leg itself. 4.The depth of the defect exceeds the whole layer of the skin and the area is large trauma: often due to all kinds of trauma, such as: burns, car accident injury, avulsion injury, intravenous infusion inadvertently lead to drug leakage outside the blood vessels, etc. 5, the defect may not be large, but also bones, joints, tendons, important vessels and nerves and other important tissues or organs exposed trauma. From the name we can know that the treatment of refractory trauma is very difficult, through the change of medicine, negative pressure vacuum suction, local application of various drugs and other treatments, the condition of the trauma can be improved, the secretion is reduced, the granulation becomes fresh, but the trauma is still difficult to heal itself, then, it is necessary to repair by means of plastic surgery such as skin graft, flap graft, myocutaneous flap graft. If not actively treated, the trauma persists for a long time, which not only causes the loss of nutrients and increases the risk of systemic infection, but also the possibility of localized cancer of the trauma. Therefore, when you have a long-lasting trauma, you must visit the plastic surgery department of a general hospital to clarify further treatment options.