Ms. Li, who suffered from hyperthyroidism, was recently discharged from the hospital! Hyperthyroidism is a common disease, so how could Ms. Lee have suffered so much? She had been suffering from hyperthyroidism for more than 8 years and had been taking anti-thyroid medication (ATD) for that time, but it had not been effectively controlled and had caused a lot of problems in her work and life. She and her family had difficulty deciding whether or not to operate because the enlarged thyroid gland was so pronounced that surgery might induce a hyperthyroid crisis and there was also a high risk of fatal hemorrhage. At the same time, her proptosis was so severe that she could not close her eyelids bilaterally, so radioisotope 131I treatment could not be performed, because 131I treatment at this time might not only induce hyperthyroidism, but also aggravate the proptosis. The results were very satisfactory. The thyroid gland shrank significantly on the day of treatment, and the proptosis was reduced by 3mm when she was discharged from the hospital. Thyroid artery embolization for hyperthyroidism was first proposed by Dr. Gherkin in Russia, and this work was carried out in China from the late 1990s. The basic principle is to permanently embolize the blood supplying arteries of the thyroid gland with very small particles, causing ischemia, necrosis and fibrosis of the thyroid tissue, resulting in atrophy of the thyroid gland and a decrease in thyroid function until it returns to normal. The procedure is minimal, requiring only a small incision of about 3 mm at the base of the thigh, a special catheter is delivered to the thyroid artery under fluoroscopy, and the embolic agent is injected into the artery. Because of the small trauma, the postoperative reaction is also mild, usually with low fever and neck pain, and the patient can be discharged from the hospital in 4 to 5 days after the operation. The indications for thyroid artery embolization for hyperthyroidism are wide. It is a good choice for persistent hyperthyroidism that has not been treated with medication, for drug allergy and for young women who have not yet had children, and it is more effective for patients with a large thyroid gland, especially those with proptosis, because about 2/3 of the patients will have relief of proptosis after embolization treatment. In the minority of patients who do not completely discontinue the drug after embolization, there is no particular impact of additional treatment. In patients with severe hyperthyroidism and insignificant goiter, embolization is generally not recommended.