Watch out for Turner syndrome

  Turner syndrome (TS) is a disorder that affects only girls and women and is caused by the complete or partial absence of the second X chromosome. Typical characteristics of girls with Turner syndrome include short stature and lack of pubertal sexual development such as hypoplastic or small breasts. The incidence of Turner syndrome is between 1 in 2000 and 1 in 2500 live births. Most Turner syndrome is diagnosed between the ages of 10 and 16 years; the signs and symptoms are slow growth, short stature compared to peers (usually around 140 cm in adult height without intervention), widely spaced breasts, multiple moles, and hypoplastic breasts (no secondary sexual characteristics). absence of menstruation at the expected age, relatively low posterior hairline, irregular menstruation, etc.  Growth hormone and sex hormone replacement therapy can improve lifelong height and stimulate sexual development, maintain female characteristics, and enable them to enjoy a healthy and happy life.