Chronic prostatitis should be treated both physically and mentally

  The clinical manifestations of chronic prostatitis are abnormal urination and pain in the pelvic region of the prostate such as the perineum and small abdomen, or mental disorder symptoms such as abnormal psychological changes. The following article is an in-depth discussion of the physical and mental treatment of chronic prostatitis.  The theoretical basis of chronic prostatitis as a physical and mental disease Physical and mental diseases, also known as physical and mental disorders, are diseases that are highly related to psychosocial factors, physical symptoms, physiological dysfunction and organic damage, and psychosocial factors play an important role in the occurrence, development, regression and prevention of diseases[1-2]. The major difference between physical and mental diseases and other purely physical disorders is that social, psychological and physical factors interact throughout the development of physical and mental diseases. The clinical aspects of the illnesses that are untreated and affect people’s physical and mental health for a long time are classified as physical and mental illnesses, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, asthma, cancer and so on.   1.1, chronic prostatitis psychological symptoms highlight chronic prostatitis (chronic prostatitis, CP) is a group of diseases characterized by pain or discomfort in the pelvic region, abnormal urination and other symptoms in the prostate under the action of pathogens or certain non-infectious factors. However, as the pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of chronic prostatitis are not well understood. The most important thing is that it is a heterogeneous condition with different causes or mechanisms, different clinical manifestations, different disease processes and different responses to treatment. The clinical manifestations are mainly pain in the pelvic region and abnormal urination, or accompanied by symptoms of anxiety, depression and other mental disorders, or sexual dysfunction.  With the development of the bio-social-psychological medical model, the rapid development of society has brought about changes in lifestyle and work style as well as major changes in people’s psychology. The clinical manifestations of chronic prostatitis have changed considerably, and the clinical manifestations of psychiatric disorders are prominent, and they seriously affect the progress, treatment and prognosis of the disease. Hao Zongyao et al [3] investigated the quality of life of 3,000 patients with CP, 68. 3% of the patients had moderate symptom scores, of which 80. 0% had severe quality of life effects. Li H. C. et al [4] conducted a survey study on patients with chronic prostatitis showing that the incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic prostatitis was 41. 0% and 54. 5%, respectively. Hu et al [5] evaluated 489 patients with chronic prostatitis using the Hamilton scale (HAMD) and found that 58% of the patients had anxiety and depressive symptoms (21-35 points), of which 6% had suicidal thoughts and 2% attempted suicide. It is believed that anxiety state and depression are common emotional disorders in patients with chronic prostatitis. The psycho-psychological survey conducted by Chen Xiu-de et al [7] on patients with prostatitis showed that about 30% to 80% of patients had varying degrees of mental disorders, of which 20% to 50% had severe mental disorders, and the prominent mental symptoms were anxiety, depression, emotional instability, weakened masculinity and sexual dysfunction, and the longer the duration of the disease and the higher the NIH-CPSI score, the more severe the degree of emotional disorder.  Therefore, based on a reassessment of the clinical presentation and research on chronic prostatitis, foreign researchers have now developed a phenotypic classification system capable of classifying chronic prostatitis and guiding individualized clinical treatment-UPOINT. uPOINT consists of six separate factors, namely urinary symptoms (U), psychosocial (P), organ-specific (O) The classification of UPOINT is based on the clinical characteristics of the patient, i.e., the clinical manifestations of chronic prostatitis are classified independently, so that each patient with chronic prostatitis becomes a combination of one or more phenotypes. In turn, the status of each individual phenotype in chronic prostatitis varies greatly, with the psychological factor occupying an important place. shoskes et al [8] studied the UPOINT typing characteristics of 90 patients with chronic prostatitis.  The percentages of UPOINT factors were 52%, 34%, 61%, 16%, 37% and 53%, respectively. Single factor accounted for 22%, 2 factors for 33%, 3 factors for 22%, 4 factors for 14%, and 5 and 6 factors for 8%. The P, N and T factors have the greatest impact on the quality of life and behavior of patients, rather than the O factor, which is related to the prostate itself. Therefore, the psychosomatic symptoms of chronic prostatitis are beginning to receive independent attention and attention, and its impact on the disease will be studied more, taking active measures and methods to deal with psychological symptoms will be recognized and paid attention to by the majority of male physicians.  1.2, chronic prostatitis repeatedly aggravates psychological symptoms The first clinical symptoms of chronic prostatitis are mainly somatic symptoms, manifesting as abnormal urination and pain in the pelvic region of the prostate, with clinical abnormal urination such as frequent urination, waiting for urination, dripping white and pain in the perineum, abdomen, testicles and other parts of the body being the most common. The first symptom that shows psychological disorder is very rare, psychological symptoms are mostly due to the repeated lingering of chronic prostatitis, the longer the course of the disease, in the late stage of the disease appears accompanying symptoms. Moreover, pain symptoms are the main factor leading to the decrease of quality of life and have a more serious impact on quality of life than urinary frequency [9, 10]. Therefore, patients with chronic prostatitis are often accompanied by mental disorders such as anxiety and depression due to the long-term presence and recurrent episodes of pain and urinary frequency, leading to a serious decrease in quality of life.  In addition, most patients with chronic prostatitis have a long history of seeking medical care, and the lack of clinician knowledge about the disease and the limitations of medical understanding lead to frustrating medical experiences for most patients.    According to a survey, the stress that Chinese people now face has ranked first in the world, and the incidence of mental disorders has risen sharply while stress has gradually increased [11]. Therefore, Chinese people now commonly suffer from mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorders caused by excessive stress and other reasons. Once a person with a mental disorder is diagnosed with chronic prostatitis, his or her psychological symptoms will be aggravated by misconceptions about the disease and excessive concern about the disease, especially in patients suffering from anxiety and depression.   But because of the propaganda media such as the internet, television, radio, and especially the internet about chronic prostatitis wrong knowledge over proliferation of dissemination, resulting in a lot of misconceptions about it. The actual fact is that you will find a lot of people who have a lot of money to spend on the internet.  The actual fact is that you will find a lot of people who have a good deal of experience in the field.    It can be seen that Chinese medicine has long recognized that body and mind (body and mind) are interdependent and interact with each other. The actual fact is that many psychological illnesses are directly related to somatic factors, as well as many somatic illnesses are triggered by psychological problems such as depression and anxiety. The physical and psychological symptoms of chronic prostatitis also interact with each other, and it is the interaction between the two that leads to recurrent chronic prostatitis. The results of the study showed that the psychological factors such as anxiety symptoms may cause urodynamic changes.  Domestic scholars also believe that anxiety, depression, fear, and stress cause posterior urethra and bladder neuromuscular dysfunction and autonomic dysfunction leading to chronic prostatitis through the loop of mental → neurotransmitters → nerves [14]. The influence of psychosomatic factors can lead to neuroendocrine imbalance, which induces or aggravates posterior urethral neuromuscular dysfunction, resulting in posterior urethral neuromuscular dysfunction, leading to pain in the pelvic region and micturition dysfunction [7]. A large number of clinical studies can confirm that the psychological symptoms of chronic prostatitis can influence or even aggravate its somatic symptoms, and the somatic symptoms are the material basis for the appearance of its psychological symptoms. The actual fact that chronic prostatitis somatic symptoms and psychological symptoms coexist and interact with each other is the root cause of its lingering recurrence.     The actual fact is that you can find out that the actual Chinese medicine or western medicine can’t solve all the problems of chronic prostatitis, so the combination of Chinese and western medicine becomes the trend of treating chronic prostatitis.  The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. The advantages of modern medicine lie in anti-infection and relieving urinary obstruction. When chronic prostatitis has a definite infection, or if the clinical manifestation is mainly urinary abnormalities, you should use the treatment plan of western medicine to fight the infection and release the urinary tract obstruction and other abnormal symptoms of urination. The advantage of Chinese medicine is to improve somatic symptoms and relieve pain.  When chronic prostatitis is dominated by pain in the area around the pelvic floor of the prostate and accompanied by physical symptoms such as back pain and weakness, Chinese medicine is preferred. In particular, the method of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis and clearing ligaments proposed by Chinese medicine in recent years can effectively relieve or eliminate the pain symptoms of chronic prostatitis [15, 16], and with some external treatment methods such as umbilical therapy and rectal drug delivery can also significantly improve the efficacy. Therefore, for the somatic symptoms of chronic prostatitis we often need a combination of Chinese and Western therapies, to clarify the advantages of Chinese and Western medicine, to distinguish between Western medical subtypes and Chinese medical evidence, and to take the most effective measures according to different clinical manifestations in order to achieve the desired effect.  2.2, drug treatment with psychological guidance for psychological symptoms Wu Shiji <理瀹骈文> said: “The feelings of desire can not be cured by medicine, and the disease of seven emotions should be treated by emotions. The common psychological symptoms of chronic prostatitis patients are anxiety and depression, so drug therapy is mainly based on antidepressant and anti-anxiety drugs. The most important thing that you can do is to get a good idea of what you’re looking for. Their basic pharmacology is to increase the level of extracellular 5hydroxytryptamine that can bind to postsynaptic receptors by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitter 5hydroxytryptamine in neurosynaptic cells, thus exerting antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, which are used to treat various depressions. ssris commonly used are fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, fluvoxamine and citalopram.  It has been confirmed by numerous studies [17-20] that antidepressants can not only effectively relieve psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression and improve mood disorders in patients with chronic prostatitis, but also reduce the tone and excitability of pelvic neuromuscular tissues, relieve functional urethral obstruction, relieve the symptoms of difficult urination, as well as reduce the posterior urethral neuromuscular dysfunction by relieving the patient’s pain sensitivity, which in turn relieves pain symptoms. Therefore, the elimination of mental tension is beneficial for symptom relief, and the pathophysiological basis for the treatment of prostatitis with anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs lies in this, therefore, patients with prostatitis with psycho-psychiatric disorders should use antidepressants as early as possible [21].  Precautions for the use of antidepressants: 1, antidepressants are slow to take effect, usually taking 2-3 weeks to take effect; 2, the main adverse effects are dizziness and gastrointestinal discomfort, etc. Because antidepressants are slow to take effect, their side effects appear earlier than the therapeutic effect, but their side effects disappear on their own after 7-10 days and need to be explained to patients in advance; 3, start with a small dose and adjust the drug dose according to the patient’s response in a timely manner 4, once the choice of antidepressants, it is generally recommended to adhere to the use of at least three months, according to the patient’s clinical response and then gradually adjust the dose or reduce the dose, discontinue the drug.  Medication can effectively control the progress of the patient’s mental disorder, but if the patient’s psychological symptoms cannot be lifted, their psychological symptoms can persist or even be further aggravated. Therefore, it is very important to combine medication with psychological counselling. Most of the chronic prostatitis patients, due to the network, advertising and other aspects of the wrong propaganda and misinformation, have a wrong understanding of prostatitis knowledge, more psychological concerns, more pressure. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. For patients with more serious mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, repeated explanations, consolation and even persuasion and other educational methods should be carried out so that they can avoid excessive attention to the disease and shift to other aspects such as work to reduce their psychological burden and make positive changes in their attitude and perception of treatment.  Conclusion Foreign medical experts believe that human society has moved from the era of infectious diseases and lifestyle diseases to the era of mental illness from this century. However, due to the rapid development of our economy, China now still presents a situation where lifestyle diseases and mental illnesses exist simultaneously, but the status of mental illnesses is beginning to be prominent. And chronic prostatitis has also changed from a core of infection to one where multiple independent factors co-exist and the psychological factor is prominent.   The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and popular items. However, there are still some patients with refractory chronic prostatitis who have exhausted all kinds of treatment options, together with antidepressants and psychological counseling, but are still unable to improve their clinical symptoms, and their symptoms will worsen once they think about the disease itself. We speculate that it may be related to the tiny foci of excitation in their cerebral cortex that are troubled by the symptoms for a long time, but further scientific verification is needed.